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Schematic of breast cancer cell-host cell interactions in the tumor microenvironment and the role of paracrine and autocrine interactions in determining ECM composition and cell phenotypes. “X” indicates how loss of PDIA3 activity in tumor cells would inhibit autocrine and paracrine secretions, potentially leading to renormalization of the TME and decreasing the invasive potential of tumor cells. ECM, extracellular matrix; TME, tumor microenvironment.
