Baseline group differences Pre-treatment. Analysis of fear conditioning Phase (Habituation, Late Acquisition, Early and Late Extinction Training) and extinction Recall by CS type (CS+, CS-) by Group (Trauma Exposed and PTSD+). During Acquisition (ACQ), there were significant main effects of Block, CS type, and Block × CS type interaction supporting successful acquisition of fear-potentiated startle and CS discrimination. In addition, we observed a Group × Block interaction with the PTSD + group showing a greater increase in FPS during acquisition compared to the TEPC group. During extinction training (EXT), there were significant main effects of Block and CS type. ** - p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; HAB = habituation; TEPC = trauma exposed; Shading indicates the context for extinction training session that occurred 10 min after acquisition, and extinction recall that occurred in the same context 24 h later.