Table 2. Adjusted risk factors associated with mortality (non-ICU and ICU), treatment in ICU and mechanical ventilation.

Characteristic	All sectors	Public sector	Private sector	All sectors	Public sector	Private sector
	ICU treatment			Mechanical ventilation
Wave period (reference: between-wave period)	0.84 (0.82–0.86)	0.69 (0.63–0.75)	0.86 (0.84–0.88)	1.18 (1.13–1.23)	1.01 (0.92–1.11)	1.22 (1.17–1.28)
Public sector (reference: Private sector)	0.16 (0.16–0.17)	-	-	0.88 (0.84–0.92)	-	-
Male (reference: female)	1.27 (1.25–1.29)	1.17 (1.10–1.25)	1.28 (1.25–1.30)	0.99 (0.97–1.02)	1.00 (0.93–1.06)	0.99 (0.96–1.01)
Age groups (reference: 35–59 year olds)
0–14	0.39 (0.35–0.43)	1.26 (1.05–1.51)	0.29 (0.25–0.33)	0.78 (0.66–0.91)	0.91 (0.76–1.08)	0.60 (0.47–0.76)
15–34	0.50 (0.48–0.52)	0.72 (0.64–0.79)	0.45 (0.43–0.48)	0.87 (0.82–0.93)	0.90 (0.80–1.00)	0.85 (0.79–0.91)
60–64	1.25 (1.22–1.29)	0.94 (0.85–1.03)	1.28 (1.25–1.32)	1.05 (1.01–1.08)	1.00 (0.91–1.11)	1.05 (1.01–1.09)
65–69	1.26 (1.23–1.30)	0.66 (0.59–0.74)	1.33 (1.29–1.37)	0.99 (0.96–1.03)	0.97 (0.86–1.09)	0.98 (0.94–1.02)
70–74	1.13 (1.09–1.17)	0.53 (0.46–0.61)	1.20 (1.16–1.24)	0.96 (0.91–1.00)	0.90 (0.77–1.05)	0.94 (0.90–0.99)
75+	0.90 (0.87–0.93)	0.41 (0.36–0.47)	0.95 (0.92–0.98)	0.74 (0.71–0.78)	0.84 (0.71–0.99)	0.72 (0.68–0.75)
Any comorbidity (reference: no)	1.13 (1.11–1.15)	1.48 (1.35–1.62)	1.11 (1.09–1.14)	1.24 (1.21–1.27)	0.95 (0.88–1.03)	1.27 (1.24–1.31)
Provinces (reference: Western Cape)
Eastern Cape	0.77 (0.74–0.80)	0.30 (0.27–0.34)	0.89 (0.85–0.93)	1.15 (1.08–1.22)	7.99 (6.39–10.00)	0.89 (0.84–0.95)
Free State	0.76 (0.73–0.80)	0.53 (0.47–0.60)	0.82 (0.78–0.86)	1.59 (1.51–1.67)	11.23 (9.10–13.84)	1.25 (1.18–1.31)
Gauteng	1.15 (1.12–1.18)	0.52 (0.48–0.56)	1.21 (1.18–1.24)	1.13 (1.08–1.17)	9.29 (7.56–11.43)	0.91 (0.88–0.95)
KwaZulu-Natal	0.85 (0.82–0.88)	0.69 (0.64–0.75)	0.88 (0.85–0.91)	1.00 (0.96–1.05)	6.19 (4.98–7.68)	0.80 (0.77–0.84)
Limpopo	0.59 (0.56–0.63)	0.48 (0.42–0.56)	0.61 (0.57–0.65)	1.61 (1.51–1.71)	9.23 (7.34–11.61)	1.29 (1.20–1.38)
Mpumalanga	0.82 (0.77–0.86)	0.62 (0.54–0.71)	0.85 (0.81–0.90)	1.20 (1.12–1.29)	9.93 (7.91–12.48)	0.93 (0.86–1.00)
Northern Cape	0.73 (0.68–0.79)	0.47 (0.38–0.58)	0.75 (0.69–0.81)	1.90 (1.80–2.01)	12.40 (10.00–15.38)	1.51 (1.42–1.60)
North West	0.78 (0.74–0.81)	0.69 (0.63–0.76)	0.77 (0.73–0.81)	1.28 (1.20–1.36)	5.73 (4.52–7.26)	1.07 (1.00–1.13)
		Non-ICU mortality			ICU mortality
Wave period (reference: between-wave period)	1.39 (1.35–1.43)	1.27 (1.23–1.31)	2.06 (1.93–2.21)	1.31 (1.27–1.36)	1.26 (1.15–1.39)	1.32 (1.27–1.38)
Public sector (reference: Private sector)	2.15 (2.11–2.19)	-	-	1.10 (1.07–1.14)	-	-
Male (reference: female)	1.14 (1.12–1.16)	1.11 (1.09–1.13)	1.26 (1.21–1.28)	1.03 (1.01–1.06)	1.01 (0.95–1.07)	1.04 (1.02–1.06)
Age groups (reference: 35–59 year olds)
0–14	0.17 (0.14–0.20)	0.23 (0.19–0.27)	0.04 (0.02–0.07)	0.31 (0.24–0.41)	0.42 (0.30–0.60)	0.23 (0.15–0.34)
15–34	0.37 (0.35–0.39)	0.38 (0.36–0.40)	0.28 (0.25–0.31)	0.67 (0.62–0.72)	0.67 (0.58–0.77)	0.66 (0.60–0.71)
60–64	1.75 (1.71–1.80)	1.58 (1.53–1.62)	2.09 (1.98–2.21)	1.24 (1.20–1.28)	1.20 (1.11–1.30)	1.25 (1.21–1.29)
65–69	2.07 (2.02–2.12)	1.82 (1.77–1.87)	2.65 (2.51–2.80)	1.29 (1.25–1.33)	1.17 (1.06–1.29)	1.31 (1.27–1.35)
70–74	2.30 (2.25–2.36)	1.95 (1.90–2.01)	3.50 (3.32–3.69)	1.35 (1.31–1.40)	1.18 (1.05–1.32)	1.38 (1.34–1.43)
75+	2.74 (2.69–2.80)	2.16 (2.11–2.22)	5.27 (5.07–5.47)	1.35 (1.31–1.39)	1.19 (1.06–1.32)	1.37 (1.33–1.42)
Any comorbidity (reference: no)	1.22 (1.20–1.25)	1.30 (1.27–1.33)	1.13 (1.10–1.17)	1.08 (1.06–1.10)	1.13 (1.03–1.24)	1.07 (1.05–1.09)
Province (reference: Western Cape)
Eastern Cape	1.35 (1.32–1.38)	1.36 (1.32–1.40)	1.80 (1.69–1.91)	1.40 (1.34–1.47)	1.14 (1.00–1.29)	1.47 (1.40–1.54)
Free State	1.01 (0.98–1.05)	1.03 (0.99–1.07)	1.11 (1.03–1.20)	1.32 (1.26–1.39)	1.15 (1.01–1.31)	1.38 (1.31–1.45)
Gauteng	1.19 (1.16–1.22)	1.29 (1.25–1.33)	1.13 (1.08–1.19)	1.10 (1.06–1.14)	1.08 (0.98–1.20)	1.13 (1.09–1.17)
KwaZulu-Natal	1.25 (1.22–1.28)	1.27 (1.24–1.31)	1.42 (1.34–1.50)	1.30 (1.25–1.35)	1.32 (1.21–1.43)	1.32 (1.27–1.38)
Limpopo	1.40 (1.36–1.44)	1.36 (1.31–1.41)	2.20 (1.84–2.08)	1.49 (1.42–1.57)	1.16 (1.00–1.34)	1.62 (1.53–1.71)
Mpumalanga	1.37 (1.32–1.42)	1.48 (1.42–1.54)	1.33 (1.22–1.45)	1.28 (1.21–1.35)	1.10 (0.94–1.30)	1.34 (1.26–1.42)
Northern Cape	1.12 (1.06–1.18)	1.13 (1.06–1.20)	1.24 (1.11–1.38)	1.22 (1.13–1.32)	0.93 (0.73–1.17)	1.31 (1.21–1.42)
North West	0.92 (0.88–0.96)	0.93 (0.88–0.97)	0.97 (0.89–1.05)	1.23 (1.16–1.29)	1.10 (0.98–1.23)	1.29 (1.22–1.36)