Fig. 4. Human hepatocytes advance the phase of circadian metabolism and behavior of LHM.
(A to D) Metabolic evaluation of LMM and LHM represented as 3-day average spontaneous locomotor activity (A), food intake (B, kcal/hour per kg of lean body weight), respiratory exchange ratio (RER, C), and fat oxidation (D). Inserts show magnification of the ZT8 to ZT12 time window. (E to H) Cosinor analysis of rhythmic parameters acrophase (c) for locomotor activity (E), food intake (F), RER (G), and fat oxidation (H). (I) Experimental design for determining the circadian period of LMM and LHM via recording the circadian running wheel activity in constant darkness. (J) Representative actogram and circadian period in LMM and LHM. (K) Circadian period of locomotor activity in LHM and LMM (n = 12 and 15 for LMM and LHM, respectively). Codes for statistical values: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.0001.