FIGURE 4.

aTTG normalization status in patients with celiac disease after a 1 y GF diet intervention was not related to their gut-associated microbial community diversity (observed species; P = 0.859 and Shannon index; P = 0.477) (A). Patient aTTG normalization status also did not affect the microbial community structure as displayed by the principal coordinate analysis using Bray-Curtis dissimilarity (ANOSIM; P = 0.385) (B). Taxonomy enriched in those patients with not normalized aTTG status post-GF diet intervention is shown in blue (P < 0.05) (C). ANOSIM = analysis of similarities; aTTG = anti-tissue transglutaminase; GF = gluten-free; PC = principle coordinate.