Table 1. Pseudoaneurysms treated by interventional radiology.
| Type of artery | No. of cases | Etiology | Presentation | Procedure | Clinical outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hepatic artery and its branches | 7 | 1. Post-cholecystectomy, ERCP | GI bleed | Coil embolization | Technical and clinical success |
| 2. Post-choledochoduodenostomy | GI bleed/ Hemobilia on ERCP | Coil embolization | Technical and clinical success | ||
| 3. Gunshot injury | Post laparotomy hemorrhagic drain | Coil embolization | Technical and clinical success | ||
| 4. Trauma | Post laparotomy hemorrhagic drain | Gel foam embolization | Recurrence -repeat embolization | ||
| 5. Trauma | Post laparotomy hemoperitoneum | Coil embolization | Technical and clinical success | ||
| 6. Inoperable pancreatic NET | Hemorrhagic drain via PTBD catheter | Gel foam embolization | Large splenic abscess -managed by pigtail drainage | ||
| 7. Trauma | Abdominal distension and tenderness after fall from height | Coil embolization | Technical and clinical success | ||
| Gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm | 3 | 1. Chronic pancreatitis | GI bleed, peripancreatic hematoma | Coil embolization | Technical and clinical success |
| 2. Post-partial gastrectomy | Recurrent hemorrhagic drainage, drop in hematocrit | Coil embolization | Technical and clinical success | ||
| 3. Acute pancreatitis | GI bleed, peripancreatic hematoma | Coil embolization | Technical and clinical success | ||
| Splenic artery pseudoaneurysm | 5 | 1. Acute pancreatitis | GI bleed, peripancreatic hematoma | Coil embolization after failed percutaneous Glue injection- | Partial (large) splenic infarct asymptomatic |
| 2. Chronic pancreatitis | GI bleed, aneurysm eroding late gastric wall | Coil embolization | Small splenic infarct | ||
| 3. Post-ERCP stenting for pancreatitis with pseudocyst | Hemorrhage via pigtail catheter | Coil embolization | Small splenic infarct | ||
| 4. Trauma (background splenomegaly) | Perisplenic hematoma | Coil embolization | Technical and clinical success | ||
| 5. Post-Whipple's | GI bleed | Percutaneous thrombin injection | Technical and clinical success |
Abbreviations: ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; GI, gastrointestinal; NET, neuroendocrine tumor; PTBD, percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage.