Table 5.
Boys: characteristics, and age- and BMI-adjusted comparisons of subgroups divided by sport type
| Boys | No sport (n = 40) |
Individual sport (n = 143) |
Team sport (n = 107) |
F(1,232)° | η2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | |||
| Age | 17.25 | 0.90 | 17.00 | 0.77 | 16.87† | 0.80 | 3.30* | .02 |
| BMI | 20.21 | 3.12 | 21.52† | 2.58 | 21.59† | 2.90 | 3.77* | .03 |
| EDE Dietary Restraint | 0.56 | 0.92 | 0.52 | 0.74 | 0.56 | 0.96 | 0.06 | .00 |
| EDE Eating Concern | 0.50 | 0.84 | 0.40 | 0.74 | 0.43 | 0.58 | 0.29 | .00 |
| EDE Weight Concern | 1.05 | 1.17 | 0.73† | 0.95 | 0.76† | 0.88 | 1.21* | .01 |
| EDE Shape Concern | 1.36 | 1.42 | 1.04† | 1.09 | 0.87‡‡ | 1.01 | 2.37*** | .02 |
| EDE Total Score | 0.87 | 0.96 | 0.67† | 0.74 | 0.66‡ | 0.70 | 0.83* | .01 |
| BUT Weight Phobia | 0.95 | 0.93 | 0.95 | 0.82 | 0.84 | 0.71 | 0.49 | .00 |
| BUT Body Image Concern | 1.05 | 1.06 | 0.85 | 0.82 | 0.78† | 0.88 | 1.06* | .01 |
| BUT Avoidance | 0.20 | 0.40 | 0.17 | 0.35 | 0.14 | 0.26 | 0.34 | .00 |
| BUT Compulsive Self-Monitoring | 0.81 | 0.80 | 0.86 | 0.75 | 0.71 | 0.66 | 1.21 | .01 |
| BUT Depersonalisation | 0.40 | 0.68 | 0.29 | 0.48 | 0.46 | 2.42 | 0.41 | .00 |
| BUT Global Severity Index | 0.72 | 0.68 | 0.66 | 0.58 | 0.57† | 0.50 | 0.93* | .01 |
| MDDI Drive for Size | 11.78 | 5.70 | 11.08 | 4.66 | 10.68 | 4.45 | 0.56 | .00 |
| MDDI Appearance Intolerance | 6.86 | 3.51 | 6.14 | 2.86 | 5.71‡ | 2.75 | 2.48** | .02 |
| MDDI Functional Impairment | 5.02 | 2.08 | 6.85† | 3.64 | 6.72 | 3.77 | 4.65* | .03 |
| MDDI Total Score | 23.67 | 9.17 | 24.08 | 7.91 | 23.12 | 7.71 | 0.36 | .00 |
M, mean; SD, standard deviation; F, F test; η2, effect size for the ANOVA model; BMI, body mass index; EDE, Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire; BUT, Body Uneasiness Test; MDDI, Muscle Dysmorphia Disorder Inventory
*: p < 0.05; **: p < 0.01; ***: p < 0.001
°: N = 285 for analyses involving BMI
Post-hoc difference from the “No sport” group: †, p < 0.05; ‡, p < 0.01; ‡‡, p < 0.001