Table 1.
Percentage gradient scale (PGS) of primary components among the 10 clusters by random‐forest clustering
| Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 | Cluster 6 | Cluster 7 | Cluster 8 | Cluster 9 | Cluster 10 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # of patients (%) | 1239 (26.7) | 286 (6.2) | 533 (11.5) | 664 (14.3) | 247 (5.3) | 356 (7.7) | 372 (8.0) | 451 (9.7) | 223 (4.8) | 278 (6.0) |
| Cardiac functions | ||||||||||
| PGS | 0–20% | 20–40% | 40–60% | 60–80% | 80–100% | |||||
| BNP (>111.3 pg/mL) | 0.9 | 35.0 | 85.2 | 46.2 | 53.8 | 57.3 | 58.6 | 100.0 | 68.2 | 98.9 |
| LADim (>42 mm) | 37.4 | 42.3 | 60.8 | 51.8 | 55.9 | 55.6 | 52.4 | 62.7 | 54.7 | 67.6 |
| dBP (<70 mmHg) | 18.4 | 96.5 | 38.5 | 46.2 | 51.0 | 52.2 | 57.5 | 57.9 | 65.5 | 67.3 |
| LVDs (>35 mm) | 37.4 | 34.3 | 39.4 | 35.8 | 98.0 | 44.1 | 54.8 | 69.6 | 46.2 | 65.5 |
| LVEF (<59%) | 37.0 | 36.4 | 42.3 | 40.2 | 99.6 | 45.8 | 59.4 | 69.6 | 49.3 | 65.1 |
| Renal functions | ||||||||||
| PGS | 0–20% | 20–40% | 40–60% | 60–80% | 80–100% | |||||
| BUN (>17.5 mg/dL) | 26.2 | 34.3 | 29.8 | 67.2 | 34.4 | 100.0 | 39.2 | 51.4 | 90.1 | 96.8 |
| eGFR (<61.1 mL/min/1.73 m2) | 15.1 | 29.7 | 15.6 | 100.0 | 22.7 | 100.0 | 46.0 | 49.7 | 97.8 | 97.1 |
| Anaemia | ||||||||||
| PGS | 0–20% | 20–40% | 40–60% | 60–80% | 80–100% | |||||
| RBC (<428 104/μL) | 27.8 | 45.1 | 37.8 | 53.9 | 27.5 | 71.1 | 66.1 | 56.8 | 90.6 | 89.6 |
| Ht (<39.9%) | 27.4 | 46.5 | 35.6 | 55.7 | 28.3 | 71.3 | 68.5 | 54.3 | 92.8 | 89.2 |
| Hb (<13.3 g/dL) | 24.5 | 48.3 | 36.5 | 55.1 | 25.1 | 70.8 | 67.7 | 55.7 | 92.8 | 89.2 |
| Plt (<198 000/μL) | 39.4 | 51.0 | 55.3 | 51.2 | 42.5 | 56.5 | 46.0 | 52.8 | 58.7 | 68.7 |
| Nutrition | ||||||||||
| PGS | 0–20% | 20–40% | 40–60% | 60–80% | 80–100% | |||||
| Alb (<4.11 g/dL) | 24.2 | 45.1 | 41.6 | 43.1 | 40.5 | 57.0 | 89.5 | 70.5 | 75.8 | 90.6 |
| BMI (>23.5 kg/m2) | 62.4 | 41.6 | 49.7 | 57.5 | 58.7 | 48.6 | 39.2 | 33.0 | 39.0 | 28.4 |
| HF aetiology | ||||||||||
| PGS | 0–20% | 20–40% | 40–60% | 60–80% | 80–100% | |||||
| IHD | 55.13 | 39.16 | 40.34 | 52.11 | 44.13 | 48.31 | 45.43 | 34.81 | 53.36 | 49.64 |
| VHD | 23.65 | 44.06 | 33.96 | 31.63 | 16.6 | 33.43 | 30.91 | 33.7 | 40.36 | 38.85 |
Note: The numbers indicate percentage of patients who present above median of each significant parameter.