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. 2023 May 18;38(10):2340–2346. doi: 10.1007/s11606-023-08214-3

Table 2.

Association of Live Birth in Past 12 Months with Medical Debt (n = 12,163)

Live birth past 12 months, women ages 18–49 years
No live birth (%) Live birth (%) Unadjusted OR (95% CI) Adjusted OR* (95% CI)
Overall population (n = 12,163)
Problems paying medical bills 15.1 19.8 1.40 (1.09, 1.79) 1.48 (1.13, 1.92)
Unable to pay medical bills 9.9 13.4 1.40 (1.03, 1.92) 1.44 (1.04, 2.00)
Privately insured (n = 8231)
Problems paying medical bills 12.5 17.5 1.49 (1.06, 2.07) 1.90 (1.34, 2.69)
Unable to pay medical bills 6.8 8.8 1.32 (0.85, 2.04) 1.70 (1.02, 2.83)

*Adjusted for age (ages 18–24; 25–34; 35–49), region (Northeast, Midwest, South, West), self-reported health status (fair/poor health), education (< HS, HS/GED, some college, BA,  > BA), family income ($0 to $34,999; $35,000 to $49,999; $50,000 to $74,999; $75,000 to $99,999; $100,000 or greater), and marital status (unmarried vs. married). Number analyzed after exclusion of those with missing data for covariates: N = 11,842 for overall population and N = 8051 for private insured subgroup

Statistically significant odds ratios are bolded