Table 2.

Colonisation with Enterobacteriaceae, HAS and ESBL positive strains in two study groups

No of isolates/no of HAS/no of ESBLs	Neonatal gut		Breast milk			Parents’ skin			nCPAP	Sheets	Total
	1 week	4 weeks	0 week	1 week	4 weeks	0 week	1 week	4 weeks	48 hours	48 hours
	Routine care group
Enterobacter cloacae	5/2/1	8/4/0	0	0	4/1/0	0	0	0	0	0	17/7/1
Escherichia coli	7/2/0	14/7/0	0	0	3/3/0	0	0	0	0	0	24/12/0
Klebsiella oxytoca	1/0/0	12/0/0	0	0	1/0/1	0	0	0	0	0	14/0/1
Klebsiella pneumoniae	3/1/0	4/3/0	0	1/1/0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8/5/0
Other Enterobacter spp	10/1	9/1	0	1/0/0	1/0/0	1/0/0	1/0/0	1/0/0	0	0	24/2/0
All strains	26/6/0	47/15/0	0	2/1/0	9/4/0	1/0/0	1/0/0	1/0/0	0	0	87/26/2
HAS % of all strains	23.1	31.9	0	50	44.4	0	0	0	0	0	29.9
	Intervention group
E. cloacea	4/0/1	10/1/0	0	1/0/0	1/0/1	1/0/0	1	1/1/0	1/0/0	2/0/0	22/2/2
E. coli	3/0/0	6/0/1	0	0	1	0	0	0	1/0/1	2/0/0	13/0/2
K. oxytoca	8/5/1	15/6/1	1/1/0	1/1/0	3/1/0	0	2/1/1	1/1/0	0	0	31/16/3
K. pneumoniae	1/0/0	7/0/0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8/0/0
Other Enterobacter spp	2/0/0	5/0/0	0	0	0	3/0/0	3/0/0	1/0/0	0	1/0/0	15/0/0
All strains	18/5/2	43/7/2	1/1/0	2/1/0	5/1/1	4/0/0	6/1/1	3/2/0	2/0/1	5/0/0	89/18/7
HAS % of all strains	27.8	16.3	100	50	20	0	16.7	66.7	0	0	20.2

ESBL, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases; HAS, hospital-acquired strain; nCPAP, nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure.