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. 2023 May 3;12:e43221. doi: 10.2196/43221

Table 2.

Description of intensive rehabilitation sessions performed by adolescent in both groups.

Interventions and exercises Description Resistance added
Physiotherapy

Stretching


Triceps surae Patient in supine position. PTa is pushing the patient foot in dorsiflexion with the knee extended as much as possible N/Ab


Quadriceps Patient in prone position. PT is bending the patient knee and maintaining the patient hip against the table N/A


Hamstrings Patient in supine position. PT is maintaining the patient knee extended and adding as much hip flexion as possible. The opposite leg must stay extended on the table N/A


Iliopsoas Patient in supine position on the lower part of the table. PT is maintaining a hip extension with a knee flexion. The opposite leg is placed on the chest of the PT N/A

Strengthening


Foot plantar flexion Patient in supine position with knee extended. Ankle placed in dorsiflexion. Elastic band placed around the ball of the foot and help by the patient Resistance band of various resistances


Foot dorsiflexion Patient in supine position with knee extended. Ankle placed in plantar flexion. Elastic band placed around the instep of the foot and held by the PT Resistance band of various resistances


Sit to stand Patient seating on a chair and push with his feet on the ground to stand Dumbbells from 5 kg to 10 kg


Knee flexion Patient in prone position with knee extended. Elastic band is placed around patient ankle and held by the PT Resistance band of various resistances
Hydrotherapy

Stretching


Triceps surae Patient standing against the pool. One lower limb in front of the other. Both feet on the ground with the back foot in maximal dorsiflexion N/A


Quadriceps Patient standing against the pool. Holding one lower limb and bending toward knee flexion while the other hand is stabilizing against the pool. N/A


Iliopsoas Patient kneeling against the pool. One knee against the ground and the other one bended. Pushing his gravity center forward N/A

Strengthening


Forward walking Patient standing and walking forward at high intensity inside the swimming pool with water up to the belly. Resistance band


Backward walking Patient standing and walking backward at high intensity inside the swimming pool with water up to the belly. Resistance band


Side walking Patient standing and walking from side to side at high intensity inside the swimming pool with water up to the belly Resistance band


Calf raises Patient standing against the pool with water up to the belly. Pushing against the ground toward maximal plantar flexion and going back to the ground slowly Water resistant weight


Squat Patient standing against the pool with water up to the belly. Squatting up to 90 degrees of knee flexion and back to the initial position Water resistant weight
GRAILc

Gait training


Rope bridge Patient standing on a treadmill. 4 markers are placed on posterior and anterior superior iliac spine. A self-paced mode is used to let the patient walk at a comfortable speed Sway: level 1 to 3; pitch: level 1 to 3; encounters: level 1 to 3


Step on it Patient standing on a treadmill. 2 markers are placed on both lateral malleoli. Treadmill speed is set based on gait analysis assessment. Increasing step length and decreasing step width

Balance


Perturb Patient is standing on the treadmill. Anteroposterior and mediolateral stimuli are produced from the treadmill. Automatic mode starting from level 1 to 5

aPT: physiotherapist.

bN/A: not applicable.

cGRAIL: Gait Real-time Analysis Interactive Lab.