Table 3.
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the POF animal model
| Hormone | POF model | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) | The HRT from references | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Animal | Drug | Method | Treatment | Assessment | Mechanism | ||
| AMH | Mice (6 weeks) |
CTX (1st:150 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg once/weeks for 4 weeks) |
0.5 mg/kg, once/weeks for 4 weeks | Ip | Increase primordial follicles and decrease growing follicles. Could not restore the estrous cycle, but could rescue the fertility of CTX-treated mice | Induces autophagy | [38] |
| Melatonin |
CD-1 Mice (5 weeks ) |
CIS (2 mg/kg for 15 days) |
15 or 30 mg/kg daily, for 15 days | Ip |
Increase the number of primordial follicles and antral follicles Decrease granulosa cell apoptosis |
Block the phosphorylation of PTEN/AKT/FOXO3a pathway | [42] |
|
Mice (6 weeks ) |
TG (50 mg/kg/days for 34 days) |
20 mg/kg/day, from day 8 to day 42 | Oral |
Increase the number of primordial follicles and antral follicles Increase body and ovary weight; Increase AMH Improve the estrous cycle |
Attenuates the activation of SIRT1 signaling | [43] | |
|
BALB/c-nu mice (6 weeks) |
CIS (5 mg/kg weekly for 3 weeks ) |
10 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks | Ip |
reduces primordial ovarian follicles loss and depletion caused by CTX protects reproductive endocrine function from CIS damage effectively protects sexually mature protects granulosa cells from damage |
DNA protection and antioxidant effects | [46] | |
| GH | C57BL/6 (4–5 weeks ) |
CTX (70 mg/kg a single) |
100 µL of rmGH daily for 12 days Low dose: 0.4 mg/kg; Medium dose: 0.8 mg/kg; High dose:1.6 mg/kg |
iv |
The number of atretic follicles was reduced in the medium- and high-dose groups Ovarian weight was increased in the medium- and high-dose groups Medium-dose group can reduce FSH level |
Activates the expression of NotCH-1 signaling pathway factors | [44] |
| Rats (6 weeks) |
CTX (1st, 50 mg/kg, 8 mg/kg for 14 days) |
100 µL of rmGH once a week for 28 days Low dose: 0.4 mg/kg; Medium dose: 0.8 mg/kg; High dose:1.6 mg/kg |
ih |
The high-dose group can increase the number of oocytes Ovarian weight was increased in the medium- and high-dose groups did not reverse hormone levels |
Directly or indirectly promotes the balance between oxidative stress and oxidative detoxification of cells | [45] | |
AMH anti-Müllerian hormone, GH growth hormone, rhGH recombinant human PEGylated GH