Table 4.
The transplantation of stem cells from adult tissues in the POF animal model
| Stem cell types | POF model | The transplantation of stem cells from adult tissues | Stem cell from references | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Animal | Drug | Stem Cells | Treatment | Main effects of stem cell on POF | Mechanism | ||
| BMSCs | Rats (5 weeks) |
CTX (1st, 50 mg/kg, 8 mg/kg for 14 days) |
BMSCs (1 × 106 cells) in 100μL PBS for 2w |
iv |
Increase E2 and AMH, decrease FSH level; Recover the estrous cycle; Increase the number of basal and sinus follicles |
BMSC-derived exosome Mir-144-5p has a protective effect on the apoptosis of CTX-damaged OGCs | [23] |
|
Rats (3 weeks) |
3.2 Gy radiotherapy (0.48 Gy/min) |
BMSCs (2 × 106 cells) in 150μL PBS |
iv |
Enhances ovarian follicles; Increases serum estradiol- and follicle-stimulating hormone levels; Restores fertility |
Upregulates Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo signaling pathways | [59] | |
| Exosome from BMSCs |
Mice (6–7 weeks) |
CIS (5 mg/kg) |
BMSCs-Exos (125 μg dissolved in 100 μL PBS |
iv |
Inhibit OGCs apoptosis; Increase E2; |
delivering miR-644-5p to granulosa cells to regulate p53 expression of cells | [60] |
| Rats (5 weeks) |
CTX (1st, 50 mg/kg, 8 mg/kg for 14 days ) |
BMSCs-Exos (150 μg dissolved in 100 μL PBS; every other day for 2 weeks) | iv |
Decrease FSH and LH, increase AMH, E2; Inhibit OGCs apoptosis; |
Exosomes miR-144-5p inactivated the PI3K/AKT pathway by suppressing PTEN targeting | [23] | |
| ADMSCs | Rats |
CTX (120 mg/kg) |
ADMSCs (1 × 106 cells, passages 3–4) |
Ip |
Increase the number of primordial follicles and decrease the number of atretic follicles; Increase AMH level; Inhibit the apoptosis of follicle |
Regulate the expression of Connexin43 and pAnnexin1 | [61] |
| Exosome from ADMSCs | Mice (7–8 weeks) |
CTX (120 mg/kg for 2 weeks) |
hADSC-Exos (1 × 106 cells, cocultured with hGCs) |
Ip |
Attenuate ovary damage; Increase the number of follicles; Enhanced the E2 and AMH levels and decreased the FSH levels; Inhibit OGCs apoptosis |
Increase expression of SMAD2, SMAD3, and SMAD5 in vivo and in vitro | [62] |
| HuMenSCs | Mice (7–8 weeks) |
CIS (2 mg/kg for 7 days ) |
HuMenSCs (2 × 106/mL) in 200 μL PBS | iv |
Increase body and ovary weight; Increase the number of follicles; Reduce OGCs apoptosis; repair ovarian injury, Stimulate regeneration, and improve ovarian function |
Protects damaged ovaries by secreting FGF2 | [63] |
| Rats (8 weeks) |
BF (36 mg/kg) |
HuMenSCs (Passages 3) |
iv |
Improve follicle development; Promote AMH and E2 secretion |
NO Report | [64] | |
| Rats (6–8 weeks) |
BF (36 mg/kg) |
HuMenSCs (1 × 106 cells per 200 μL) in 1 mL PBS |
iv |
Increased body and ovary weight; Increase the number of follicles; Reduce OGCs apoptosis |
NO Report | [58] | |
| Mice (18–19 g) |
CTX (120 mg/kg) + BF (30 mg/kg) |
hEnSCs (2 × 106 cells, passages 5) in 20 μL PBS |
Orthotopically inject |
Increased body weight; Improved estrous cycles; Restored fertility |
Reduce chemotherapy-induced depletion of the germline stem cell pool | [57] | |
BMSCs bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, ADMSCs adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, HuMenSCs human menstrual-derived stem cells