Table 2.
Hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence intervals (CIs)] for mortality across groups divided according to the ratio of lactate dehydrogenase to albumin (LAR) level.
| Variable | Unadjusted | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p Value | HR (95% CI) | p Value | HR (95% CI) | p Value | HR (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Primary outcomes | ||||||||
| 28-day mortality | ||||||||
| LAR (log2) | 1.46 (1.39−1.53) | <0.001 | 1.55 (1.48–1.63) | <0.001 | 1.37 (1.3–1.44) | <0.001 | 1.14 (1.09–1.18) | <0.001 |
| T1 (LAR < 8.59) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | ||||
| T2 (8.59 ≤ LAR <14.66) | 1.44 (1.26−1.64) | <0.001 | 1.45 (1.28–1.66) | <0.001 | 1.40 (1.22–1.60) | <0.001 | 1.20 (1.05–1.38) | <0.001 |
| T3 (LAR ≥ 14.66) | 2.37 (2.1−2.68) | <0.001 | 2.59 (2.29–2.93) | <0.001 | 2.17 (1.9–2.47) | <0.001 | 1.61 (1.41–1.84) | <0.001 |
| P for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Secondary outcomes | ||||||||
| 90-day mortality | ||||||||
| LAR (log2) | 1.37 (1.31−1.43) | <0.001 | 1.47 (1.41–1.54) | <0.001 | 1.32 (1.25–1.38) | <0.001 | 1.11 (1.07–1.15) | <0.001 |
| T1 (LAR < 8.59) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | ||||
| T2 (8.59 ≤ LAR <14.66) | 1.35 (1.21−1.5) | <0.001 | 1.36 (1.22–1.52) | <0.001 | 1.29 (1.16–1.45) | <0.001 | 1.12 (1–1.26) | 0.046 |
| T3 (LAR ≥ 14.66) | 2.01 (1.81−2.23) | <0.001 | 2.23 (2.01–2.47) | <0.001 | 1.91 (1.71–2.14) | <0.001 | 1.46 (1.3–1.63) | <0.001 |
| P for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| In-hospital mortalitya | ||||||||
| LAR (log2) | 1.69 (1.58−1.81) | <0.001 | 1.79 (1.67–1.92) | <0.001 | 1.56 (1.44–1.69) | <0.001 | 1.21 (1.14–1.28) | <0.001 |
| T1 (LAR < 8.59) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | ||||
| T2 (8.59 ≤ LAR <14.66) | 1.55 (1.32−1.81) | <0.001 | 1.56 (1.33–1.82) | <0.001 | 1.46 (1.24–1.73) | <0.001 | 1.25 (1.05–1.49) | 0.013 |
| T3 (LAR ≥ 14.66) | 2.97 (2.56−3.44) | <0.001 | 3.21 (2.77−3.73) | <0.001 | 2.56 (2.17–3.00) | <0.001 | 1.87 (1.57–2.23) | <0.001 |
| P for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
Model 1 is adjusted for sex and age.
Model 2 is adjusted as is Model 1 and is also adjusted for ethnicity, heart rate, MAP, SpO2, UO, hemoglobin, platelets, WBC, SCr, glucose, pH, chloride, sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate.
Model 3 is adjusted as is Model 2 and is also adjusted for AKI stage, SOFA score, APSIII, CCI, septic shock, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarct, congestive heart failure, malignant cancer, liver disease, loop diuretic use, RRT use, vasopressor use and site of infection.
aLogistic regression was used to evaluate the association between the LAR and in-hospital mortality. The results are expressed as odds ratios (95% CIs).
LAR; lactate dehydrogenase to albumin ratio; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval.