Fig. 6.
IL-33 treatment increased innate immune responses during TMEV infection. 1 × 106 RAW Lucia (Left) or IRF3KO RAW Lucia (Right) cells were incubated overnight in 6-well plates, pretreated with 20 ng/ml IL-33 for 24 h, and then challenged with 5 × 106 TMEV. After 24 h, (A) IRF3 activity was assessed by secreted Luciferase directed by ISRE-IRF3 promoter activity, (B) supernatant Nitric Oxide (NO) assessed using Griess assay, (C) secreted IL-6 and (D) IL-10 assessed using ELISA. For the reported data n=3 for each condition of an experiment, which was repeated n=3. Data are means ± standard error and were analyzed by Student's t-test; * indicates significantly different from controls; ** indicates significantly different from TMEV only infected cells, p≤ 0.05.