Table 2.
Mean energy intake (kJ/d) and percentage of the total energy intake from complementary food by NOVA groups according to children’s age. Federal District, Brazil
| Food groups | Children between 6 and 12 months of age | Children between 12 and 24 months of age | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n 178 | n 360 | |||||
| kJ/d | % of total energy intake | CI 95 % | kJ/d | % of total energy intake | CI 95 % | |
| Total | 2393 | 100 | 4054 | 100 | ||
| Group 1: unprocessed, minimally processed foods and processed culinary ingredients | 1669 | 69·6 | 65·8, 73·3 | 2644 | 65·2 | 62·1, 68·1 |
| Fruits and natural juices | 389 | 16·2 | 13·4, 19·5 | 552 | 13·6 | 11·6, 15·9 |
| Rice and other cereals | 280 | 11·8 | 9·3, 14·6 | 552 | 13·6 | 11·6, 15·9 |
| Meats and eggs | 255 | 10·7 | 8·3, 13·4 | 448 | 11·1 | 9·2, 13·1 |
| Roots and other tubers | 184 | 7·6 | 5·7, 10·1 | 113 | 2·7 | 1·9, 4·0 |
| Beans and other pulses | 180 | 7·5 | 5·6, 9·9 | 259 | 6·4 | 5·0, 8·1 |
| Milk | 92 | 6·8 | 5·0, 9·1 | 418 | 10·3 | 8·5, 12·3 |
| Vegetables | 92 | 3·8 | 2·5, 5·7 | 67 | 1·7 | 1·0, 2·6 |
| Group 2: processed and ultra-processed foods | 728 | 30·4 | 26·7, 34·3 | 1410 | 34·8 | 31·8, 37·8 |
| Infant and child food products* | 280 | 11·8 | 9·3, 14·6 | 297 | 7·4 | 5·8, 9·1 |
| Milk-sweetened beverages† | 130 | 5·3 | 3·8, 7·5 | 234 | 5·8 | 4·4, 7·4 |
| Bakery products‡ | 84 | 3·5 | 2·2, 5·3 | 192 | 4·7 | 3·5, 6·2 |
| Sweetened beverages§ | 75 | 3·1 | 2·0, 4·9 | 172 | 4·3 | 3·1, 5·6 |
| Ultra-processed yogurts|| | 75 | 3·1 | 2·0, 4·9 | 113 | 2·8 | 1·9, 4·0 |
| Processed foods¶ | 46 | 1·9 | 1·0, 3·4 | 205 | 5·0 | 3·8, 6·6 |
| Packaged snacks | 33 | 1·4 | 0·7, 2·7 | 84 | 2·1 | 1·3, 3·1 |
Flour for porridge, breakfast cereals and industrialised baby foods.
Powdered and flavoured ready-to-eat dairy beverages.
Crackers, biscuits, cakes and other sweet bakery goods.
Soft drinks and artificial fruit drinks.
Artificial and flavoured fruit yogurts.
Canned fish, cheese and breads.