Table 3.
Crude and adjusted OR (with 95% CI) of dietary intake of antioxidants (expressed as quartiles, Q2, Q3, Q4 v. Q1) and elevated depressive symptoms among Iranian adolescent girls
| Quartiles of nutrients intake* | P trend | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reference group (Q1) and Q2 | Reference group (Q1) and Q3 | Reference group (Q1) and Q4 | |||||
| OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | ||
| Vitamin C | |||||||
| Crude | 0·87 | 0·57, 1·33 | 0·80 | 0·52, 1·22 | 0·76 | 0·49, 1·16 | 0·182 |
| Model I | 0·80 | 0·52, 1·24 | 0·68 | 0·43, 1·09 | 0·61 | 0·37, 1·00 | 0·043 |
| Model II | 0·81 | 0·52, 1·26 | 0·68 | 0·42, 1·09 | 0·61 | 0·37, 1·01 | 0·047 |
| β-Carotene | |||||||
| Crude | 1·06 | 0·7, 1·61 | 0·87 | 0·57, 1·33 | 0·52 | 0·33, 0·80 | 0·010 |
| Model I | 0·96 | 0·62, 1·50 | 0·80 | 0·52, 1·24 | 0·43 | 0·27, 0·71 | 0·004 |
| Model II | 0·91 | 0·58, 1·42 | 0·77 | 0·50, 1·20 | 0·42 | 0·26, 0·69 | 0·003 |
| α-Carotene | |||||||
| Crude | 0·75 | 0·49, 1·14 | 0·73 | 0·48, 1·11 | 0·58 | 0·37, 0·88 | 0·013 |
| Model I | 0·72 | 0·46, 1·10 | 0·67 | 0·43, 1·04 | 0·51 | 0·32, 0·81 | 0·005 |
| Model II | 0·69 | 0·45, 1·07 | 0·63 | 0·41, 0·98 | 0·50 | 0·31, 0·79 | 0·004 |
| Lutein | |||||||
| Crude | 1·21 | 0·80, 1·84 | 0·71 | 0·46, 1·09 | 0·79 | 0·52, 1·21 | 0·072 |
| Model I | 1·16 | 0·75, 1·78 | 0·68 | 0·43, 1·07 | 0·71 | 0·44, 1·14 | 0·042 |
| Model II | 1·18 | 0·76, 1·82 | 0·66 | 0·42, 1·05 | 0·71 | 0·44, 1·15 | 0·031 |
| Soluble dietary fibre | |||||||
| Crude | 0·94 | 0·62, 1·42 | 0·78 | 0·51, 1·18 | 0·61 | 0·39, 0·93 | 0·011 |
| Model I | 0·84 | 0·54, 1·29 | 0·69 | 0·44, 1·08 | 0·52 | 0·33, 0·84 | 0·005 |
| Model II | 0·81 | 0·52, 1·25 | 0·66 | 0·42, 1·04 | 0·51 | 0·32, 0·82 | 0·004 |
| Insoluble dietary fibre | |||||||
| Crude | 0·89 | 0·59, 1·35 | 0·70 | 0·46, 1·07 | 0·52 | 0·34, 0·80 | 0·002 |
| Model I | 0·83 | 0·54, 1·28 | 0·61 | 0·39, 0·95 | 0·43 | 0·26, 0·70 | < 0·001 |
| Model II | 0·80 | 0·52, 1·23 | 0·58 | 0·36, 0·91 | 0·42 | 0·25, 0·68 | < 0·001 |
*
OR with 95% CI obtained from multinomial logistic regression analysis both crude and adjusted for potential confounders. Model I: Adjusted for age and energy intake. Model II: Additionally, adjusted for menstruation, family members, parental death, parental divorce, physical activity and BMI.