. 2020 Sep 10;24(2):338–353. doi: 10.1017/S1368980020002529

Table 1.

Quality appraisal summary: a summary of the ten domains addressing scientific soundness of primary research from ADA quality criteria checklist

Validity questions	1. Research question	2. Subject selection	3. Study groups	4. Handling withdrawals	5. Blinding	6. Intervention description	7. Outcome measures	8. Statistical analysis	9. Conclusion	10. Funding/sponsorship	Quality
Study
Randomised controlled trials
Bliddal et al. ⁽²⁵⁾	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Positive
Christensen et al. ⁽²⁶⁾	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Positive
Hughes et al. ⁽³³⁾	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Positive
Magrans-Courtney et al. ⁽²⁷⁾	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Positive
Messier et al.⁽²⁸⁾	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Positive
Messier et al.⁽⁹⁾	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Positive
Miller et al.⁽³⁰⁾	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Positive
O’Brien et al.⁽³²⁾	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Positive
Somers et al.⁽¹⁶⁾	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Neutral
Uncontrolled clinical trials
Aaboe et al.⁽¹⁷⁾	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Neutral
Atukorala et al.⁽¹⁸⁾	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Neutral
Bartels et al.⁽¹⁹⁾	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Neutral
de Luis et al.⁽²⁰⁾	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Neutral
Henriksen et al.⁽²¹⁾	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Unclear	Neutral
López Gómez et al.⁽²⁴⁾	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Unclear	Neutral
Martin et al.⁽²²⁾	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Neutral
Messier et al.⁽²⁹⁾	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Yes	Positive
Paans et al.⁽²³⁾	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Neutral
Riecke et al.⁽³¹⁾	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unclear	No	Positive