Table 1.
The immune cells and cytokines in follicular fluid of PCOS.
| Immune cells | Related immune cells or cytokines | Function | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| CD11c+HLA-DR+DCs | Th17, Th1 | Failure of dominant follicle selection and developmental processes | (49) |
| Th1 | IFN-γ, IL-2 | Affection on egg quality and ovulation caused by Th1/Th2 cell ratio imbalance | (53) |
| Th2 | IL-4, IL-10 | ||
| CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells | PD-1 | Failure of dominant follicle selection and development | (54) |
| Immune factor | |||
| G-CSF | Neutrophil | Chronic inflammation in PCOS | (55, 56) |
| IL-18, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α | Activation of NF-κB inflammatory pathway | (17, 57–59) | |