Table 1. Baseline Characteristics Overall and by Reports of Cost-Related Nonadherence.
| Demographics | Participants, No (weighted %)a | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (N = 2005) | Any Cost-Related Nonadherence (n = 379) | No Cost-Related Nonadherence (n = 1626) | ||
| Age, y | ||||
| 65-69 | 644 (31.1) | 153 (41.4) | 491 (28.4) | <.001 |
| 70-74 | 608 (28.6) | 119 (30.0) | 489 (28.2) | |
| ≥75 | 752 (40.4) | 107 (28.6) | 645 (43.3) | |
| Reported sex | ||||
| Male | 942 (45.1) | 154 (42.1) | 788 (45.8) | .57 |
| Female | 1060 (54.7) | 224 (57.6) | 836 (53.9) | |
| Education | ||||
| Less than high school | 40 (7.6) | 9 (9.4) | 31 (7.2) | <.001 |
| High school graduate | 374 (35.7) | 71 (35.3) | 303 (35.7) | |
| Some college | 579 (22.0) | 147 (29.6) | 432 (20.1) | |
| College graduate | 1011 (34.6) | 151 (25.1) | 860 (37.0) | |
| Relationship status | ||||
| Partnered | 1142 (59.7) | 226 (63.2) | 916 (58.9) | .12 |
| Not partnered | 863 (40.3) | 153 (36.9) | 710 (41.1) | |
| Census region | ||||
| Northeast | 376 (18.7) | 73 (18.2) | 303 (18.8) | .36 |
| North central | 437 (21.6) | 88 (22.3) | 349 (21.4) | |
| South | 741 (37.9) | 135 (40.6) | 606 (37.2) | |
| West | 451 (21.9) | 83 (19.0) | 368 (22.7) | |
| Income per y, $ | ||||
| <15 000 | 98 (9.0) | 19 (9.0) | 79 (9.0) | <.001 |
| 15 000 to 24 999 | 186 (10.9) | 47 (14.4) | 139 (10.0) | |
| 25 000 to 49 999 | 527 (29.6) | 136 (38.8) | 391 (27.2) | |
| 50 000 to 99 999 | 752 (34.3) | 130 (28.4) | 622 (35.8) | |
| ≥100 000 | 427 (15.4) | 45 (8.8) | 382 (17.1) | |
| Unspecified or unreported | 15 (0.8) | 2 (0.6) | 13 (0.8) | |
| Household finances | ||||
| Not enough or just enough to meet basic expenses | 265 (17.2) | 116 (34.8) | 149 (12.9) | <.001 |
| Meets expenses with a little left over | 723 (37.6) | 178 (46.2) | 545 (35.5) | |
| Lives comfortably | 1013 (45.2) | 83 (19.0) | 930 (51.7) | |
| Confidence in ability to pay medical costs | ||||
| Not confident | 98 (7.3) | 52 (18.7) | 46 (4.4) | <.001 |
| Somewhat confident | 523 (28.0) | 190 (47.8) | 333 (23.0) | |
| Very confident | 1380 (64.7) | 137 (33.5) | 1243 (72.6) | |
| Need assistance with written health information | ||||
| Always or sometimes needs help | 138 (10.6) | 51 (18.9) | 87 (8.6) | <.001 |
| Rarely needs help | 354 (18.5) | 80 (21.0) | 274 (17.9) | |
| Never needs help | 1513 (70.8) | 248 (60.1) | 1265 (73.5) | |
| Health related measures | ||||
| Self-reported health | ||||
| Excellent, very good, good | 1691 (79.1) | 277 (67.4) | 1414 (82.0) | <.001 |
| Fair, poor | 314 (20.9) | 102 (32.6) | 212 (18.0) | |
| Monthly medications used | ||||
| None | 152 (8.5) | 16 (5.5) | 136 (9.2) | <.001 |
| 1 | 195 (9.5) | 24 (6.7) | 171 (10.2) | |
| 2 | 275 (12.9) | 36 (8.7) | 239 (14.0) | |
| 3 | 294 (14.8) | 51 (13.2) | 243 (15.2) | |
| 4 | 251 (12.6) | 54 (15.6) | 197 (11.9) | |
| 5 | 239 (11.6) | 46 (8.9) | 193 (12.2) | |
| ≥6 | 593 (30.0) | 151 (41.4) | 442 (27.2) | |
| Spending on medications per mo, $ | ||||
| <25 | 833 (42.4) | 78 (20.4) | 755 (47.9) | <.001 |
| 25 to <50 | 499 (25.7) | 103 (28.8) | 396 (24.9) | |
| 50 to <100 | 356 (16.9) | 87 (20.6) | 269 (15.9) | |
| ≥100 | 316 (15.0) | 111 (30.1) | 205 (11.2) | |
| Chronic conditions, No.b | ||||
| None | 108 (5.2) | 8 (1.8) | 100 (6.0) | <.001 |
| 1 | 218 (12.2) | 22 (6.3) | 196 (13.7) | |
| 2 | 329 (16.0) | 34 (9.6) | 295 (17.6) | |
| 3 | 399 (20.0) | 72 (19.7) | 327 (20.1) | |
| 4 | 377 (17.5) | 72 (17.0) | 305 (17.6) | |
| 5 | 258 (12.4) | 65 (14.8) | 193 (11.7) | |
| ≥6 | 316 (16.8) | 106 (30.8) | 210 (13.3) | |
a
Sample weighted to represent US population aged 65 years and older.
b
See eTable 3 in Supplement 1 for conditions included.