Table 10. Notable Prebiotic, Probiotic, and Postbiotic Patents.

patent number	title	summary
WO2016085356A1	gold kiwifruit compositions and methods of preparation and use thereof	Prebiotic compositions prepared from gold varieties of Actinidia chinensis. These prebiotic compositions treat or prevent DGBI, such as constipation, and IBS.
WO2022191767A1	GOS preconditioning L. reuteri and GOS in final formulation	Enhancing the survival and activity of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri strains by preconditioning L. reuteri with GOS. This method produces high synbiotic and beneficial effects of the probiotic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, such as boosting calcium and iron solubility, along with enhancing the production of lactic and acetic acid.
US20160058808A1	microbe-based modulation of serotonin biosynthesis	Methods and probiotic compositions that can be used to modulate serotonin levels and adjust the composition of gut microbiota along with adjusting the level of serotonin-related metabolites.
WO2022182908A1	probiotic therapies for social deficit and stress response	Bacterial species, including probiotic Enterococcus faecalis, for use in the treatment of social behavioral deficit symptoms, such as depression, by increasing social behavior and decreasing corticosterone levels along with c-Fos expression in the brain.
US9192618B2	method of treating constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome	Prebiotic or probiotic agent that inhibits the growth of methanogenic bacteria or promotes the growth of competing intestinal microbiotia for the treatment of constipation predominant IBS.
US10022408B2	probiotic Bifidobacterium adolescentis strains	Novel isolated strains of probiotic Bifidobacterium adolescentis for the prevention, alleviation of symptoms, or treatment of intestinal inflammatory conditions, such as IBS.
WO2005003329A1	novel GOS composition and the preparation thereof	Novel strains of Bifidobacterium hifidum capable of producing a novel galactosidase enzyme activity that converts lactose to a novel mixture of GOS. The mixture of prebiotic oligosaccharides improves gut health by promoting the growth of bifidobacteria in the gut.
US20220040242A1	modulation of the gut microbiome to treat mental disorders or diseases of the central nervous system	Methods of treating at least one symptom of a mental disorder and the central nervous system by modulating the amount of GABA produced in the gut. Also disclosed are methods of identifying and creating probiotic bacterial strains capable of producing GABA.
WO2016029198A1	process for the production of isomaltooligosaccharide	Provides a method for the production of prebiotic oligosaccharides by the fermentation of dextransucrase-producing microorganisms.
WO2022214700A1	Lacticaseibacillus paracasei EM025-11 and uses thereof	A probiotic strain of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei EM025-11 that adheres to intestinal epithelial cells and has anti-inflammatory activity by upregulating genes associated with immune engagement for the treatment of IBS with constipation.
US20220280576A1	Bifidobacterium longum and functional GI disorders	Methods for treating functional GI disorders with probiotic Bifidobacterium longum ATCC BAA-999.
WO2019149941A1	postbiotic-based composition for the modulation of immune system activation and protection of mucosal barriers	A fermented supernatant of Lactobacillus casei or paracasei species for the promotion of human health and prevention of inflammatory disorders. The postbiotic was shown to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells and protect from endotoxic shock and Salmonella infection.
US8551498B2	solid composition containing Bacillus-type nonpathogenic bacterial spores	Composition of spores of probiotic bacteria Bacillus useful in the pharmaceutical, veterinary, and nutrition fields.
ES2824536T3	use of microbial communities for human and animal health	Mixture of probiotic bacteria belonging to at least six or seven bacterial species to prevent or treat GI disorders.
US20220233559A1	xylooligosaccharide as a multifunctional prebiotic	Prebiotic mixture of xylooligosaccharides derived from sugar cane that were shown to modulate the levels of probiotic bacteria Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus in the microbiome.
WO2022173764A1	nutritional plant-based foods and beverages, methods of manufacture, and methods of treatment	Formulation of a prebiotic beverage whose ingestion modulates the gut microbiome by enhancing the growth of Bifidobacterium, improving the production of SCFAs, and reducing the levels Escherichia coli.
US20220315960A1	method for producing gamma-aminobutyric acid and fermented culture prepared thereby	Process to produce gamma-aminobutyric acid from glutamic acid and a probiotic composition capable of this biotransformation. Ideally, the composition contains different probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus strains.
WO2022208458A1	inactivated strains of bacteria, such as viable but nonculturable bacteria, compositions, and use thereof	Postbiotic composition of different gamma-irradiated members of bacterial species Lactobacillus, Lacticaseibacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Lactiplantibacillus to treat several gastrointestinal disorders.
EP3932415A1	gut microbiota composition and uses thereof	Probiotic composition for the prevention and/or treatment of a mental disorder with memory impairment by gut microbiome modulation for an increase in memory scores.