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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 May 19.
Published in final edited form as: Compr Physiol. 2021 Dec 29;12(1):2719–2730. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c210024

Figure 1. Bile acid transporters in the liver hepatocyte, ileal enterocyte, and proximal convoluted tubule in the kidney.

Figure 1

Bile acids are actively transported from the hepatocytes by the bile salt export protein (BSEP) or multidrug resistance protein 2 (MPR2) into bile duct. After secretion into the intestine, they are efficiently recovered by leal enterocytes using the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) and into the portal vein via the heterodimeric organic solute transporter (OSTα/β) on the basolateral membrane. Bile acids may also undergo hepatic-renal cycling, especially during cholestasis. Bile acids secreted by the kidney are usually modified by the sulfation of hydroxyl groups. The multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRP3 or ABCC3 and MRP4 or ABCC4) and OSTα-OSTβ on the basolateral membrane are involved in ATP-dependent bile acid export from hepatocytes to systemic circulation.