Table. Bacteria and antibiotic resistance categories included in the studya, Switzerland, 2010–2019.
| Bacteria | Antibiotic resistanceb | Acronym |
|---|---|---|
| Acinetobacter spp. | Colistin-resistant | ColRACI |
| Carbapenem-resistant (excluding isolates also resistant to colistin) | CRACI | |
| Aminoglycoside- and fluoroquinolone-resistantc (excluding isolates also resistant to colistin and/or carbapenem) | MDRACI | |
| Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium | Vancomycin-resistant | VRE |
| Escherichia coli | Colistin-resistant | ColREC |
| Carbapenem-resistant (excluding isolates also resistant to colistin) | CREC | |
| Third-generation cephalosporin-resistant (excluding isolates also resistant to colistin and/or carbapenem) | 3GCREC | |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | Colistin-resistant | ColRKP |
| Carbapenem-resistant (excluding isolates also resistant to colistin) | CRKP | |
| Third-generation cephalosporin-resistant (excluding isolates also resistant to colistin and/or carbapenem) | 3GCRKP | |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Colistin-resistant | ColRPA |
| Carbapenem-resistant (excluding isolates also resistant to colistin) | CRPA | |
| Resistance to three or more antibiotic groupsc (excluding isolates also resistant to colistin and/or carbapenem) | MDRPA | |
| Staphylococcus aureus | Meticillin-resistant | MRSA |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | Penicillin-resistant (excluding isolates also resistant to macrolides) | PRSP |
| Penicillin- and macrolide-resistant (excluding isolates only resistant to penicillin) | PMRSP |
EARS-Net: European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network.
a Adapted from Cassini et al. [2].
b An isolate was considered resistant to an antimicrobial group when tested and interpreted as resistant (R) in accordance with the clinical breakpoint criteria used by the local laboratory.
c Resistances used as a marker of multidrug resistance.
For more information on the antibiotics included in each antibiotic group, please refer to the EARS-Net protocol [37].