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. 2022 Jul 6;16(12):1893–1910. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac097

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© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 3. — Central regulatory role of IL-9 and PU.1 in T cells in a murine CRC model. A] IL-9-deficient and wild-type mice in the AOM/DSS model. Inflammation was analysed after each DSS cycle. Representative pictures of the endoscopy and histopathology are shown. Data from three independent experiments [n = 18] with significant differences are indicated [**p <0.01; ***p <0.001]. B] AOM/DSS-treated wild-type [n = 15] and IL-9 knockout [n = 16] mice were treated by hydrodynamic injection with an IL-9 vector. Chromoendoscopy with methylene blue is shown. Significant differences are indicated [*p <0.05; **p <0.01; ***p <0.001]. C] Anti-IL-9 antibody therapy in WT mice treated with AOM/DSS. Mice were injected with an anti-IL-9 antibody before the induction of CRC. H&E stainings and statistical analysis with significant differences [n = 3] are shown [*p <0.05; **p <0.01]. D] Supernatants of tumour LPMCs from WT and IL-9-deficient mice were analysed for IL-5, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-22, and TGFβ production. Data represent results of 10 mice per group [*p <0.05; **p <0.01]. CRC, colorectal cancer; AOM, azoxymethane; DSS, dextran sodium sulphate; LPMCs, lamina propria mononuclear cells; WT, wild-type; H&E, haematoxylin and eosin.

Figure 3. — Central regulatory role of IL-9 and PU.1 in T cells in a murine CRC model. A] IL-9-deficient and wild-type mice in the AOM/DSS model. Inflammation was analysed after each DSS cycle. Representative pictures of the endoscopy and histopathology are shown. Data from three independent experiments [n = 18] with significant differences are indicated [**p <0.01; ***p <0.001]. B] AOM/DSS-treated wild-type [n = 15] and IL-9 knockout [n = 16] mice were treated by hydrodynamic injection with an IL-9 vector. Chromoendoscopy with methylene blue is shown. Significant differences are indicated [*p <0.05; **p <0.01; ***p <0.001]. C] Anti-IL-9 antibody therapy in WT mice treated with AOM/DSS. Mice were injected with an anti-IL-9 antibody before the induction of CRC. H&E stainings and statistical analysis with significant differences [n = 3] are shown [*p <0.05; **p <0.01]. D] Supernatants of tumour LPMCs from WT and IL-9-deficient mice were analysed for IL-5, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-22, and TGFβ production. Data represent results of 10 mice per group [*p <0.05; **p <0.01]. CRC, colorectal cancer; AOM, azoxymethane; DSS, dextran sodium sulphate; LPMCs, lamina propria mononuclear cells; WT, wild-type; H&E, haematoxylin and eosin.