Table 3.

Recommended behavioral and pharmacotherapy approaches for patients with MAFLD and CVD

	Target population	CVD	Metabolic steatohepatitis (MeSH)	Liver fibrosis
Healthy dietary pattern	Most	+  +	+  +	+  +
Weight loss	Most	+  +	+  +	+  +
Regular physical exercise	Most	+  +	+  +	+  +
Alcohol avoidance	Most	+  +	+  +	+  +
GLP-1RAs	T2DM	+  +	+  + a	+ a
SGLT-2 inhibitors	T2DM	+  +	+  + a	± a
Pioglitazone	T2DM	+  +	+  + a	+ a
Statins	In the context of dyslipidaemia	+  +	± a	± a
Bariatric surgery	Appropriately selected patients	+  +	+  + a	+  + a

CVD cardiovascular disease; GLP-1Ras glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists; MAFLD metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease; SGLT-2 sodium-glucose cotransporter-2; T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus; “ +  + ” = benefit; “ + ” = potential benefit; “ ± ” = limited data

^aNo phase III clinical trials data in this population