Table 1.
Characteristics of the Study Population (Patients and Biopsies) with Respect to Indication, Biopsy Site, Approach and Operator, with Corresponding Adequacy for Each Variable
| Parameter Patients | Median (Range) | N (%) 281 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 71 years (24–96) | ||
| BMI (kg/m²) | 25 (15–47) | ||
| CA-125 (U/mL) | 99 (6–32,832) | ||
| ECOG | |||
| ≤1 | 194 (69.0) | ||
| ≥2 | 82 (29.2) | ||
| Missing data | 5 (1.8) | ||
| Ascites | |||
| None | 185 (65.8) | ||
| <1000 mL | 25 (8.9) | ||
| ≥1000 mL | 65 (23.1) | ||
| Laparocentesis | 6 (2.1) | ||
| Parameter | N (%) | Corresponding adequacy N (%) | p |
| Biopsies | 300 | 259 (86.3) | |
| Diagnosis | |||
| Ovarian cancer | 149 (49.7) | 132 (88.6) | p=0.283 |
| Uterine malignancy | 54 (18) | 44 (81.5) | |
| Cervical cancer | 23 (7.7) | 19 (82.6) | |
| Vulvar cancer | 12 (4.0) | 12 (100) | |
| Breast cancer (with peritoneal carcinomatosis) | 2 (0.7) | 2 (100%) | |
| Gastrointestinal cancer | 22 (7.3) | 20 (90.9) | |
| Benign biopsy | 26 (8.7) | 22 (84.6) | |
| Other | 12 (4.0) | 8 (66.3) | |
| Indication | |||
| Primary diagnosis | 196 (65.3) | 175 (89.3) | p=0.039 |
| Metastatic tumor | 12 (4) | 8 (66.7) | |
| Recurrence | 92 (30.7) | 76 (82.6) | |
| Operator | |||
| Gynecological oncologist | 120 (40) | 97 (80.8) | p=0.026 |
| Ultrasound gynecologist | 123 (41) | 115 (93.5) | |
| Ultrasound radiologist | 48 (16) | 40 (83.3) | |
| CT-guided | 7 (2.3) | 6 (85.7) | |
| General gynecologist | 2 (0.7) | 1 (50) | |
| Site of biopsy | |||
| Pelvic tumor | 174 (58.0) | 142 (81.6) | p=0.093 |
| Carcinomatosis | 47 (15.7) | 43 (91.5) | |
| Omental cake | 33 (11.0) | 31 (93.9) | |
| Lymph node | 15 (5.0) | 14 (93.3) | |
| Others | 31 (10.3) | 29 (93.5) | |
| Approach | |||
| Transvaginal | 180 (60) | 157 (87.2) | p=0.722 |
| Transabdominal | 90 (30) | 75 (83.3) | |
| Transvaginal + transabdominal | 2 (0.7) | 2 (100) | |
| Others* | 28 (9.3) | 25 (89.3) |
Notes: *Extra-abdominal lymph nodes. Bold values denote statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level.
Abbreviation: ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.