Table 1.
Baseline descriptive statistics for the full sample and by dementia outcome at follow-up.
| Total | Not impaired | All-cause dementia | Alzheimer’s disease | Vascular dementia | Frontotemporal dementia | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 492,322 | 484,847 | 7,475 | 3,135 | 1,691 | 252 |
| Loneliness | 91,319 (18.5%) | 89,657 (18.5%) | 1,662 (22.2) | 637 (20.3%) | 399 (23.6%) | 60 (23.8%) |
| Age, years | 56.55 (8.09) | 56.43 (8.07) | 64.26 (4.78) | 64.74 (4.21) | 64.88 (4.14) | 61.47 (5.83) |
| Follow-up, years | 12.38 (1.84) | 12.43 (1.78) | 9.19 (2.86) | 9.06 (2.79) | 8.94 (2.88) | 8.06 (2.91) |
| Sex (Women) | 267,792 (54.5%) | 264,245 (54.5%) | 3,547 (52.5%) | 1621 (51.7%) | 699 (41.3%) | 112 (44.4%) |
| College | 158,746 (32.2%) | 157,260 (32.4%) | 1,486 (19.9%) | 582 (18.6%) | 271 (16.0%) | 73 (29.0%) |
| Deprivation | −1.32 (3.08) | −1.32 (3.08) | −0.93 (3.32) | −1.09 (3.23) | −0.67 (3.44) | −1.33 (3.05) |
| Income | 2.61 (1.19) | 2.62 (1.19) | 1.88 (1.01) | 1.86 (0.99) | 1.77 (0.95) | 2.32 (1.19) |
| Diabetes | 25,769 (5.2%) | 24,714 (5.1%) | 1,055 (14.1%) | 389 (12.4%) | 360 (21.3%) | 25 (9.9%) |
| Hypertension | 120,143 (24.4%) | 117,698 (24.3%) | 2,445 (32.7%) | 1,005 (32.1%) | 604 (35.7%) | 72 (28.6%) |
| Stroke | 6,271 (1.3%) | 5,966 (1.2%) | 305 (4.1%) | 87 (2.8%) | 136 (8.0%) | 5 (2.0%) |
| Heart attack | 11,594 (2.4%) | 11,088 (2.3%) | 506 (6.8%) | 183 (5.8%) | 189 (11.2%) | 12 (4.8%) |
| Obesity | 119,704 (24.3%) | 117,670 (24.3%) | 2,034 (27.2%) | 759 (24.2%) | 570 (33.7%) | 66 (26.2%) |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol | 36.11 (6.75) | 36.07 (6.70) | 38.84 (9.28) | 38.44 (8.78) | 40.88 (11.00) | 37.61 (9.82) |
| CRP, mg/L | 2.59 (4.35) | 2.59 (4.34) | 2.92 (5.00) | 2.58 (4.40) | 3.34 (5.32) | 2.94 (4.74) |
| LDL, mmol/L | 3.56 (0.87) | 3.56 (0.87) | 3.42 (0.97) | 3.48 (0.96) | 3.29 (1.01) | 3.56 (0.88) |
| Current smoker | 51,733 (10.5%) | 433,910 (89.5%) | 3,987 (53.3%) | 283 (9.0%) | 209 (12.4%) | 25 (9.9%) |
| Physical activity | 127.18 (101.89) | 127.23 (101.83) | 124.10 (105.98) | 133.30 (108.70) | 117.90 (104.62) | 113.47 (94.34) |
| Depression | 27,150 (5.9%) | 26,602 (5.5%) | 548 (7.3%) | 195 (6.2%) | 145 (8.6%) | 22 (8.7%) |
| Social Isolation | 44,651 (9.1%) | 43,679 (9.0%) | 972 (13.0%) | 356 (11.4%) | 238 (14.1%) | 29 (11.5%) |
| APOE ε4 | 115,472 (28.5%) | 112,293 (28.2%) | 3,179 (52.8%) | 1,571 (62.2%) | 674 (50.1%) | 82 (38.5%) |
Notes. Sample size as indicated in the Table except for Income (n = 418,852), physical activity (n = 396,781), HbA1c (n = 457,536), CRP (n = 458,518), LDL (n = 459,645), Depression (n=29,872), and APOE ε4 (n=404,876). Income is the household average total income before tax on a scale from 1 to 5. Physical activity is the sum of minutes performing walking, moderate and vigorous activity.