a) Imaging characteristic of the aspherical lens optimized under 532 nm illumination in Zemax. Scale bar: 1 mm. b) Simulated point spread function (PSF) for the optimized aspherical lens. c) to e): Tilted view of c) 3D printed aspherical lens, d) plastic aspherical lens from Edmund Optics (15–271) and e) molded acrylic aspherical lens from Thorlabs, Inc. (APL0303) respectively. Scale bars: 500 µm. f) to h): surface profile measured by white light interferometry for f) 3D printed lens, g) Edmund lens and h) Thorlabs lens, respectively. i) to k): extracted line profiles corresponding to the dashed lines I and II in f) to h) for i) 3D printed lens, j) Edmund lens and k) Thorlabs lens, respectively. l) to n): Images of USAF 1951 resolution target acquired under 532 nm (green light) illumination using l) 3D printed lens, m) Edmund lens and n) Thorlabs lens, respectively.