Table 1.
Distribution of Characteristics for Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Cases and Symptomatic Test-Negative Controls Without Self-Reported Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection During BA.2/BA.2.12.1a and BA.4/BA.5b Predominant Periods by Age Group
| … | Cases (SARS-CoV-2 Positive) No. (%) |
Controls (SARS-CoV-2 Negative) No. (%) |
… | Doses of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine No. (%) | … | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | BA.2/BA.2.12.1 | BA.4/BA.5 | BA.2/BA.2.12.1 | BA.4/BA.5 | Unvaccinated | 2 | 3 | 4 | Overall |
| 5–11 Years Old | |||||||||
| Vaccination Historyc | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Unvaccinated | 8335 (53) | 8298 (64) | 20 307 (52) | 11 682 (57) | 48 622 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (NA) | 48 622 (55) |
| 2 Doses | 7403 (47) | 4209 (32) | 18 811 (48) | 7119 (34) | 0 (0) | 37 542 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (NA) | 37 542 (42) |
| 3 Doses | 12 (0.08) | 505 (4) | 90 (0.2) | 1859 (9) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2466 (100) | 0 (NA) | 2466 (3) |
| 4 Doses | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (NA) | 0 (0) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Positive | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| BA.2/BA2.12.1 | 15 750 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 8335 (17) | 7403 (20) | 12 (0.5) | 0 (NA) | 15 750 (18) |
| BA.4/BA.5 | 0 (0) | 13 012 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 8298 (17) | 4209 (11) | 505 (20) | 0 (NA) | 13 012 (15) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Negative | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| BA.2/BA.2.12.1 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 39 208 (100) | 0 (0) | 20 307 (42) | 18 811 (50) | 90 (4) | 0 (NA) | 39 208 (44) |
| BA.4/BA.5 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 20 660 (100) | 11 682 (24) | 7119 (19) | 1859 (75) | 0 (NA) | 20 660 (23) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Test Type, NAAT Only | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Rapidd | 5849 (37) | 5150 (40) | 17 761 (45) | 9604 (46) | 22 165 (46) | 15 315 (41) | 884 (36) | 0 (NA) | 38 364 (43) |
| Laboratory-basede | 9901 (63) | 7862 (60) | 21 447 (55) | 11 056 (54) | 26 457 (54) | 22 227 (59) | 1582 (64) | 0 (NA) | 50 266 (57) |
| Underlying chronic conditionsf, any (%) | 524 (3) | 492 (4) | 1320 (3) | 804 (4) | 1630 (3) | 1397 (4) | 113 (5) | 0 (NA) | 3140 (4) |
| 12–15 Years Old | |||||||||
| Vaccination Historyc | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Unvaccinated | 3545 (33) | 3566 (40) | 6383 (34) | 4114 (33) | 17 608 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (NA) | 17 608 (34) |
| 2 Doses | 5343 (49) | 3762 (42) | 8433 (44) | 5409 (44) | 0 (0) | 22 947 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (NA) | 22 947 (45) |
| 3 Doses | 1926 (18) | 1581 (18) | 4187 (22) | 2853 (23) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 10 547 (100) | 0 (NA) | 10 547 (21) |
| 4 Doses | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (NA) | 0 (0) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Positive | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| BA.2/BA2.12.1 | 10 814 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3545 (20) | 5343 (23) | 1926 (18) | 0 (NA) | 10 814 (21) |
| BA.4/BA.5 | 0 (0) | 8909 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3566 (20) | 3762 (16) | 1581 (15) | 0 (NA) | 8909 (17) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Negative | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| BA.2/BA.2.12.1 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 19 003 (100) | 0 (0) | 6383 (36) | 8433 (37) | 4187 (40) | 0 (NA) | 19 003 (37) |
| BA.4/BA.5 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 12 376 (100) | 4114 (23) | 5409 (24) | 2853 (27) | 0 (NA) | 12 376 (24) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Test Type, NAAT Only | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Rapidd | 4095 (38) | 3395 (38) | 8644 (45) | 5948 (48) | 7904 (45) | 10 487 (46) | 3691 (35) | 0 (NA) | 22 082 (43) |
| Laboratory-basede | 6719 (62) | 5514 (62) | 10 359 (55) | 6428 (52) | 9704 (55) | 12 460 (54) | 6856 (65) | 0 (NA) | 29 020 (57) |
| Underlying chronic conditionsf, any (%) | 504 (5) | 492 (6) | 1068 (6) | 760 (6) | 904 (5) | 1271 (6) | 649 (6) | 0 (NA) | 2824 (6) |
| 16–49 Years Old | |||||||||
| Vaccination Historyc | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Unvaccinated | 47 383 (19) | 55 070 (24) | 67 460 (22) | 47 171 (24) | 217 084 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (NA) | 217 084 (22) |
| 2 Doses | 91 712 (37) | 89 960 (39) | 98 626 (33) | 74 942 (38) | 0 (0) | 355 240 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (NA) | 355 240 (36) |
| 3 Doses | 106 149 (43) | 84 893 (37) | 135 206 (45) | 76 508 (39) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 402 756 (100) | 0 (NA) | 402 756 (41) |
| 4 Doses | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (NA) | 0 (0) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Positive | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| BA.2/BA2.12.1 | 245 244 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 47 383 (22) | 91 712 (26) | 106 149 (26) | 0 (NA) | 245 244 (25) |
| BA.4/BA.5 | 0 (0) | 229 923 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 55 070 (25) | 89 960 (25) | 84 893 (21) | 0 (NA) | 229 923 (24) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Negative | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| BA.2/BA.2.12.1 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 301 292 (100) | 0 (0) | 67 460 (31) | 98 626 (28) | 135 206 (34) | 0 (NA) | 301 292 (31) |
| BA.4/BA.5 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 198 621 (100) | 47 171 (22) | 74 942 (21) | 76 508 (19) | 0 (NA) | 198 621 (20) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Test Type, NAAT Only | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Rapidd | 89 303 (36) | 83 912 (36) | 114 487 (38) | 80 574 (41) | 90 379 (42) | 149 267 (42) | 128 630 (32) | 0 (NA) | 368 276 (38) |
| Laboratory-basede | 155 941 (64) | 146 011 (64) | 186 805 (62) | 118 047 (59) | 126 705 (58) | 205 973 (58) | 274 126 (68) | 0 (NA) | 606 804 (62) |
| Underlying chronic conditionsf, any (%) | 41 453 (17) | 39 310 (17) | 56 114 (19) | 36 666 (18) | 34 756 (16) | 61 899 (17) | 76 888 (19) | 0 (NA) | 173 543 (18) |
| 50–64 Years Old | |||||||||
| Vaccination Historyc | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Unvaccinated | 10 376 (13) | 9526 (13) | 11 193 (14) | 6906 (13) | 38 001 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 38 001 (13) |
| 2 Doses | 25 633 (33) | 25 415 (34) | 22 712 (28) | 17 681 (33) | 0 (0) | 91 441 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 91 441 (32) |
| 3 Doses | 40 378 (51) | 32 282 (44) | 42 960 (53) | 21 795 (40) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 137 415 (100) | 0 (0) | 137 415 (48) |
| 4 Doses | 2466 (3) | 6712 (9) | 3876 (5) | 7851 (14) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 20 905 (100) | 20 905 (7) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Positive | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| BA.2/BA2.12.1 | 78 853 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 10 376 (27) | 25 633 (28) | 40 378 (29) | 2466 (12) | 78 853 (27) |
| BA.4/BA.5 | 0 (0) | 73 935 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 9526 (25) | 25 415 (28) | 32 282 (23) | 6712 (32) | 73 935 (26) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Negative | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| BA.2/BA.2.12.1 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 80 741 (100) | 0 (0) | 11 193 (29) | 22 712 (25) | 42 960 (31) | 3876 (19) | 80 741 (28) |
| BA.4/BA.5 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 54 233 (100) | 6906 (18) | 17 681 (19) | 21 795 (16) | 7851 (38) | 54 233 (19) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Test Type, NAAT Only | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Rapidd | 30 363 (39) | 26 123 (35) | 31 372 (39) | 20 950 (39) | 15 489 (41) | 38 267 (42) | 48 871 (36) | 6181 (30) | 108 808 (38) |
| Laboratory-basede | 48 490 (61) | 47 812 (65) | 49 369 (61) | 33 283 (61) | 22 512 (59) | 53 174 (58) | 88 544 (64) | 14 724 (70) | 178 954 (62) |
| Underlying chronic conditionsf, any (%) | 28 686 (36) | 28 448 (38) | 31 303 (39) | 21 748 (40) | 13 402 (35) | 35 344 (39) | 52 916 (39) | 8523 (41) | 110 185 (38) |
| ≥65 Years Old | |||||||||
| Vaccination Historyc | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Unvaccinated | 3661 (8) | 2948 (7) | 4560 (8) | 2508 (7) | 13 677 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 13 677 (8) |
| 2 Doses | 8723 (20) | 8805 (22) | 8971 (16) | 6704 (19) | 0 (0) | 33 203 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 33 203 (19) |
| 3 Doses | 26 181 (59) | 16 527 (41) | 31 790 (57) | 12 247 (34) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 86 745 (100) | 0 (0) | 86 745 (49) |
| 4 Doses | 5970 (13) | 11 731 (29) | 10 842 (19) | 14 120 (40) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 42 663 (100) | 42 663 (24) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Positive | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| BA.2/BA2.12.1 | 44 535 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3661 (27) | 8723 (26) | 26 181 (30) | 5970 (14) | 44 535 (25) |
| BA.4/BA.5 | 0 (0) | 40 011 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2948 (22) | 8805 (27) | 16 527 (19) | 11 731 (27) | 40 011 (23) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Negative | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| BA.2/BA.2.12.1 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 56 163 (100) | 0 (0) | 4560 (33) | 8971 (27) | 31 790 (37) | 10 842 (25) | 56 163 (32) |
| BA.4/BA.5 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 35 579 (100) | 2508 (18) | 6704 (20) | 12 247 (14) | 14 120 (33) | 35 579 (20) |
| SARS-CoV-2 Test Type, NAAT Only | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| Rapidd | 18 896 (42) | 14 612 (37) | 22 846 (41) | 13 433 (38) | 6067 (44) | 14 602 (44) | 34 655 (40) | 14 463 (34) | 69 787 (40) |
| Laboratory-basede | 25 639 (58) | 25 399 (63) | 33 317 (59) | 22 146 (62) | 7610 (56) | 18 601 (56) | 52 090 (60) | 28 200 (66) | 106 501 (60) |
| Underlying chronic conditionsf, any (%) | 22 528 (51) | 21 051 (53) | 28 937 (52) | 19 349 (54) | 5776 (42) | 17 311 (52) | 45 804 (53) | 22 974 (54) | 91 865 (52) |
Abbreviations: COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; NA, not applicable; NAAT, nucleic acid amplification test; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
BA.2/BA.2.12.1: April 2, 2022–June 11, 2022.
BA.4/BA.5: July 2, 2022–August 31, 2022.
Only month and year of receipt were reported for each vaccination dose from some participating pharmacies; therefore, the number of months between a vaccine dose and testing is a whole number calculated as the difference between the month and year of testing and the month and year of the vaccine dose. Persons reporting a non-mRNA vaccination were excluded from analyses. For doses received in the same month or the month before SARS-CoV-2 testing, an additional question was asked to specify whether the dose was received ≥2 weeks before testing, and only doses received ≥2 weeks before testing were included.
Rapid NAAT was performed onsite on self-collected nasal swabs using ID Now (Abbott Diagnostics Scarborough Inc.) and Accula (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Laboratory-based NAAT was performed on self-collected nasal swabs at contracted laboratories using a variety of testing platforms.
Underlying conditions included on the survey were as follows: heart conditions, high blood pressure, overweight or obesity, diabetes, current or former smoker, kidney failure or end-stage renal disease, cirrhosis of the liver, chronic lung disease (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, moderate to severe asthma, cystic fibrosis, or pulmonary embolism).