Table 1.
Means and standard errors of the estimates, for all variables
| Variable | All students | Rural students | Nonrural students | Difference | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | ||
| Attend college | 0.75 | (0.01) | 0.72 | (0.01) | 0.77 | (0.01) | − 0.05*** |
| Four-year college | 0.50 | (0.01) | 0.48 | (0.02) | 0.52 | (0.02) | − 0.04* |
| SES | − 0.04 | (0.02) | − 0.06 | (0.02) | − 0.04 | (0.03) | -0.02 |
| Expect to attend PSE | 0.81 | (0.01) | 0.80 | (0.01) | 0.81 | (0.01) | − 0.01 |
| GPA | 2.74 | (0.02) | 2.80 | (0.02) | 2.70 | (0.02) | 0.10** |
| Min. academic preparation | 0.74 | (0.01) | 0.73 | (0.02) | 0.75 | (0.01) | − 0.02 |
| SAT score (std) | − 0.33 | (0.03) | − 0.34 | (0.03) | − 0.33 | (0.04) | − 0.01 |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||
| White | 0.52 | (0.02) | 0.66 | (0.02) | 0.43 | (0.02) | 0.23*** |
| Black | 0.13 | (0.01) | 0.10 | (0.01) | 0.16 | (0.01) | − 0.06** |
| Latinx | 0.22 | (0.01) | 0.13 | (0.01) | 0.28 | (0.02) | − 0.15*** |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 0.04 | (0.00) | 0.02 | (0.00) | 0.06 | (0.01) | − 0.04*** |
| Amer. Indian/Alaska Native | 0.01 | (0.00) | 0.01 | (0.00) | 0.00 | (0.00) | 0.01 |
| Multiracial | 0.08 | (0.00) | 0.08 | (0.01) | 0.08 | (0.01) | 0.00 |
| Female | 0.50 | (0.01) | 0.49 | (0.01) | 0.51 | (0.01) | − 0.02 |
| College-going structure | 5.03 | (0.04) | 5.03 | (0.06) | 5.04 | (0.05) | − 0.01 |
| % students in AP (std) | − 0.12 | (0.03) | − 0.40 | (0.04) | 0.07 | (0.05) | − 0.47*** |
| % students on free lunch (std) | 0.23 | (0.05) | 0.17 | (0.05) | 0.27 | (0.07) | − 0.10 |
| Observations | 13,010 | 5,320 | 7,690 | ||||
All reported sample sizes are rounded to the nearest 10 in accordance with NCES restricted data license
Significant differences between rural and nonrural indicated
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2009-16 High School Longitudinal Study (HSLS:09/16)
*p < .05;, p < .01;, *p < .001