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Ethanol production by permeabilized (open symbols) and intact (solid symbols) cells of the parent strain YHK142 (triangles) and the disruptant strain YHK1144 (circles) at 10°C. Cells were suspended in a buffer containing 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM ATP, 1 mM NAD+, 30 mM Pi, 1 mM arsenate, and 150 mM MES (pH 6.9). Ethanol fermentation was initiated by addition of glucose (final concentration, 2%).
