Table 4.
Hazard ratios for the association between chronotype and risk of colorectal cancer, overall and by cancer subsite.
| Overall colorectal cancer |
Colon cancer |
Rectal cancer |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure | Cases | Person-years | Age-adjusted HR (95% CI)a | MV-adjusted HR (95%CI)b | Cases | Person-years | Age-adjusted HR (95% CI)a | MV-adjusted HR (95%CI)b | Cases | Person-years | Age-adjusted HR (95% CI)a | MV-adjusted HR (95%CI)b |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Chronotype | ||||||||||||
| Morning | 156 | 352,888 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 119 | 352,840 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 29 | 352,754 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Evening | 78 | 190,913 | 0.98 (0.74–1.28) | 0.96 (0.73–1.27) | 55 | 190,886 | 0.92 (0.67–1.27) | 0.90 (0.65–1.24) | 22 | 190,853 | 1.46 (0.84–2.55) | 1.48 (0.85–2.59) |
| Neither morning nor evening | 30 | 80,984 | 0.78 (0.52–1.15) | 0.77 (0.52–1.14) | 26 | 80,981 | 0.87 (0.57–1.33) | 0.86 (0.56–1.31) | c | – | – | – |
HR, Hazard ratio; CI, Confidence interval; MV, Multivariable.
a
Hazard ratios adjusted for age (continuous) and time period (continuous).
b
Hazard ratios additionally adjusted for family history of colorectal cancer (yes, no), body mass index (<25, 25–29, 30–34, ≥35 kg/m2), smoking status (never, past, current), alcohol consumption (non-current, current 1–6, current ≥7 drinks/week), vigorous physical activity (none, <5, ≥5 hours/week), and processed meat consumption (quartiles).
c
Hazard ratios are not presented for case counts <5.