Table 1.

Clinical and neuropsychological data

Metric	Outcome	SA pmTBI (n = 204)	SA HC (n = 173)	EC pmTBI (n = 152)	EC HC (n = 155)
Symptom measures
PCSI (% max)a,b	P	13.9 (4.8–34.9)	2.9 (0–8.8)	4.8 (0–15.5)	3.2 (0.8–8.7)
PROMIS Sleepa	S	19 (13.5–24)	13 (11–16)	18 (12–23)	14 (11–17)
PROMIS Anxietya	S	3 (0–8)	1 (0–4)	2 (0–6.5)	1 (0–5)
PROMIS Depressionc	S	2 (0–8)	0 (0–3)	1 (0–6)	1 (0–3)
Pain Scalea	S	3 (1–5)	0 (0–1)	0 (0–2)	0 (0–1)
HIT-6a	S	52 (44–59)	40 (36–46.5)	44 (40–55)	42 (38–47)
Behavioural and outcome measures
CBQa,b	P	1 (0–2)	1 (0–2)	1 (0–3)	1 (0–2)
PedsQL	P	–	–	85.9 (75.5–94.0)	90.2 (82.6–95.7)
SDQc	S	–	–	7 (4–10)	4 (2–8)
GOS-Ec	S	1.5 (1–4)	1 (1–1)	1 (1–2)	1 (1–1)
Cognitive measures
TOMMe10c	S	10 (9–10)	10 (10–10)	10 (10–10)	10 (10–10)
WRAT4c	S	49.0 (43.3–54.7)	54.7 (48.0–62.7)	49.3 (44.0–56.7)	55.3 (49.3–62.7)
PSa	P	46.8 ± 7.6	50.5 ± 8.1	50.3 ± 8.5	52.3 ± 8.8
ATa	P	47.8 (42.2–53.3)	52.2 (46.7–55.6)	50 (44.5–55.5)	52.2 (47.8–56.7)
WM	S	46.8 ± 8.0	50.4 ± 10.6	48.3 ± 9.5	50.5 ± 11
EFc	S	47.2 ± 7.1	50.5 ± 6.7	50.4 ± 6.8	52.9 ± 6.3
HVLT Delayc	S	8 (6–10)	9 (7–10)	7 (6–9)	9 (7–10)

Data are either formatted at mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). AT = attention; CBQ = Conflict Behavior Questionnaire; EF = executive function; HVLT Delay = Delayed recall on Hopkins Verbal Learning Task (measure of long-term memory); PCSI = Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory (presented as percent of maximum score to account for age-related scale differences); PROMIS = Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System; PS = processing speed; SDQ = Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; WM = working memory.

^a Group × Visit interaction.

^b Group × Age or Group × Visit × Age interaction.

^c Group main effect.