Table 1.
Food groupings used in the dietary profile analysis, 2012 Health and Retirement Study/2013 Health Care and Nutrition Study*
| Food groups | Food items† |
|---|---|
| Red meat | Lean hamburger, regular hamburger, beef/pork/lamb – mixed, pork main dish, beef/lamb main dish |
| Processed meats | Bacon, beef/pork hot dogs, chicken/turkey hot dogs, processed meat, processed meat other |
| French fries | French fries |
| Refined grains | White bread, bagels, muffins/biscuits, rice white, pasta |
| Sweets | Milk chocolate, dark chocolate, candy bars, candy without chocolate, reduced-fat cookies |
| Potatoes | Potatoes |
| Pizza | Pizza |
| Snacks | Potato chips, crackers, crackers wholegrain, crackers other, popcorn light |
| Butter and margarine | Butter, spreadable butter, margarine |
| Other vegetables | Onions raw, onions cooked, corn, mixed vegetables, summer squash |
| Dark yellow vegetables | Carrots raw, carrots cooked, winter squash, yams/sweet potatoes |
| Leafy vegetables | Spinach cooked, spinach raw, head lettuce, leaf lettuce |
| Cruciferous vegetables | Broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, kale/mustard/chard greens |
| Fruit | Raisins or grapes, prunes/dried plums, apple sauce, apples/pears, apricots |
| Tomatoes | Tomatoes, tomato or v8 juice, tomato sauce, salsa |
| Legumes | Beans or lentils, tofu soya protein, peas or lima beans |
| Alcohol | Beer regular, beer light, red wine, white wine, liquor |
| Coffee | Coffee with caffeine, decaffeinated coffee, dairy coffee drink |
| Cold cereal | Cold cereal |
| Condiments | Non-dairy cream, jams/preserves/honey, ketchup/red chilli sauce, salt added, number of teaspoons of sugar |
| Cream soup | Cream soup |
| Eggs | Eggs regular, egg whites, eggs fortified |
| Fish and seafood | Tuna canned, fish sticks, seafood main dish, fish dark, fish other |
| Fruit juice | Prune juice, apple juice, orange juice fortified, orange juice regular, grapefruit juice |
| High-fat dairy | Whole milk, cream, regular ice cream, cottage/ricotta cheese, cream cheese |
| High-energy drinks | Carbonated with caffeine and sugar, carbonated with sugar other, sugar beverage other |
| Low-fat dairy | Skimmed milk, 1 or 2 % milk, soya milk, frozen yoghurt/low-fat ice cream, flavoured yoghurt |
| Low-energy drinks | Low-calorie carbonated with caffeine, low-calorie carbonated without caffeine |
| Mayonnaise and creamy dressing | Mayonnaise regular, salad dressing |
| Nuts | Peanut butter, peanuts, walnuts, nuts other |
| Olive oil | Olive oil |
| Organ meat | Liver beef/pork, liver chicken/turkey |
| Poultry | Chicken/turkey, chicken/turkey with skin, chicken/turkey without skin |
| Tea | Tea with caffeine, decaffeinated tea |
| Whole grains | Wholegrain bread, rice brown, oatmeal, rye bread, cooked cereal other |
*
Food items excluded from analysis: Splenda, artificial sweetener, garlic, low-carbohydrate bars, plain water.
†
Some individual food items were not collapsed into groups due to the combination of multiple food items used to produce the food (i.e. pizza) or having varying preparation techniques (i.e. potatoes).