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. 2019 Aug 30;23(5):843–860. doi: 10.1017/S1368980019002362

Table 5.

Dairy food consumption according to socio-economic or cultural characteristics of adolescents* (five reports)

First author, year, reference Population, design, time of collection, country Age (years) n Diet collection method Intake or frequency of consumption Exposure variables (number of categories) Association Adjustments
Drouillet-Pinard (2017)(56) INCA2 study, cross-sectional, 2006–2007, France 11–17 881 Record (7 d) Milk, yoghurt and cheese intakes (g/d)

  • Parental occup. (4)

  • NS

 Age, gender and energy intake

  • Parental educ. (3)

  • Yoghurt intake higher when educ., income, wealth and SES higher

  • Household income (tertiles)

  • Household wealth index (tertiles)

  • Global SES index (all SES indicators combined, tertiles)

Gopinath (2014)(53) Sydney Childhood Eye study, cohort at baseline (age 12 years) and at follow-up age 17 years, 2004–2005 and 2009–2011, Australia 12–17 634 FFQ Intake ≥ 3·5 servings/d five years later and maintaining consumption above the median over time

  • Parental educ. at baseline

  • Higher for tertiary qualifications

 None

  • Ethnicity

  • NS

  • Parental occup.

  • NS
Grosso (2013)(50) Secondary schools of Sicily, cross-sectional, 2010–2011, Italy 13–16 1135 FFQ Intake (g/d)

  • SES index (parental educ. and occup., 3)

  • NS

 Age, gender, BMI, physical activity, place of living and SES
Harris (2015)(57) GINIplus study, cohort at follow-up age 10 and 15 years, 2005–2008 and 2010–2013, Germany 10–15 1232 FFQ Change v. tracking of intake over time (% of energy intake)

  • Parental educ. (2)

  • NS

 Age at baseline, baseline energy intake, diet changes, study centre, study intervention arm, pubertal onset, BMI, screen time and all SES variables

  • Family income (tertiles)

  • NS
Llull (2015)(58) Balearic Islands, cross-sectional, 2007–2008, Spain 12–17 1231 FFQ Daily consumption

  • Birthplace (4)

  • NS

 Gender and age

  • Birthplace (2)

  • NS

  • Length of time living in Balearic Islands (4)

  • NS

INCA2, second French national cross-sectional dietary survey; occup., occupation; educ., education; SES, socio-economic status.

*

Details on risk of bias assessment are not presented since only studies of good quality are tabulated.