Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies in the meta-analysis
| Study | Country | Study duration (years) | Sample size (n) | Maternal age (year) | Nulliparous (%) | GWG (kg) | Gestational age (week) | Smoker (%) | Acrylamide exposure | Quality | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measured | Partition | Average level | Sources | ||||||||||||||
| Duarte-Salles et al.(8) | Norway | 9 | 50 651 | 30·1 | 4·5 | 52·0 | 14·9 | 6·2 | 39·5 | 1·7 | 8·3 | FFQ | Quartiles | 27·1 (µg/d) | 13·4 | Potato chips, nuts, popcorn, fried potatoes, crisp bread | High |
| Kadawathagedara et al.(9) | Norway | 9 | 51 952 | 30·3 | 4·4 | 46·3 | 14·8 | 5·8 | 40·0 | 1·6 | 6·8 | FFQ | Quartiles | 24·7 (μg/d) | 18·4–33·2 | Pancakes, sweet bakery products, bread, crispbread | High |
| Kadawathagedara et al. (10) | France | 3 | 1471 | 29·5 | 4·80 | 44·3 | 9·1 | 5·0 | 39·5 | 1·2 | 26·9 | FFQ | Quartiles | 23·8 (μg/d) | 17·3 | Fried potatoes (French fries, pan-fried and crisps) | Medium |
| Nagata et al.(12) | Japan | 1·5 | 204 | 28·9 | 4·2 | 44·6 | 9·6 | 3·0 | 39·5 | 1·0 | 4·0 | FFQ | Tertiles | 0·34 (lg/kg per bw) | 0·17 | Potato chips, coffee, meat and vegetables and their products | Medium |
| Pedersen et al.(11) | Multi-center | 4 | 1101 | 30·9 | 5·2 | 35·2 | – | – | 1·6 | HbAA | Quartiles | 19·7 (pmol/g Hb) | 16·5 | – | High | ||
HbAA, Hb adducts of acrylamide; bw, body weight.