Table 1.
Sociodemographic, anthropometric and dietary characteristics of the study sample (n 1204), 2014–2015*
| Sociodemographic characteristics | Total sample (n 1204) | |
|---|---|---|
| Mean or n | se or %† | |
| Mother’s age (years) | 39·63 | 0·32 |
| Child’s age (years) | 10·96 | 0·18 |
| Number of children | 3·08 | 0·08 |
| Child’s gender | ||
| Male | 582 | 48·40 |
| Female | 621 | 51·60 |
| Mother’s education level | ||
| Intermediate school or less | 571 | 47·40 |
| High school/technical diploma | 400 | 33·20 |
| University degree | 233 | 19·40 |
| Mother’s employment status | ||
| Unemployed | 916 | 76·30 |
| Employed | 285 | 23·70 |
| Spouse’s education level | ||
| Intermediate school or less | 658 | 55·30 |
| High school/technical diploma | 367 | 30·80 |
| University degree | 165 | 13·90 |
| Spouse’s employment status | ||
| Unemployed | 69 | 5·90 |
| Employed | 1109 | 94·10 |
| Region of residence (governorate) | ||
| Beirut | 62 | 5·1 |
| Bekaa | 215 | 18·1 |
| Mount Lebanon | 468 | 38·9 |
| North of Lebanon | 198 | 16·0 |
| South of Lebanon | 261 | 21·9 |
| Crowding index | ||
| <2 persons per room | 894 | 74·40 |
| ≥2 persons per room | 308 | 25·60 |
| Household monthly income (Lebanese pounds)‡ | ||
| <600 000 (<400 USD) | 177 | 15·00 |
| 600 001–999 000 (400–666 USD) | 293 | 24·80 |
| 1 000 000–1 999 000 (667–1333 USD) | 440 | 37·30 |
| >2 000 000 (>1333 USD) | 271 | 22·90 |
| Household food security status | ||
| Food insecure | 594 | 49·3 |
| Food secure | 610 | 50·7 |
| Anthropometric characteristics§ | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28·34 | 0·23 |
| BMI status | ||
| Normal (18·5–24·9 kg/m2) | 378 | 31·50 |
| Overweight (25·0–29·9 kg/m2) | 422 | 35·20 |
| Obese (≥30 kg/m2) | 399 | 33·3 |
| Dietary characteristics | ||
| HEI (0–100)‖ | 54·81 | 0·47 |
| Low (≤50) | 415 | 34·5 |
| Moderate to high (>50) | 789 | 65·4 |
| Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women of Reproductive Age (MDD-W) (0–10) | 3·47 | 0·15 |
| Poor (<5) | 744 | 61·8 |
| Good (≥5) | 460 | 38·2 |
HEI, Healthy Eating Index; MDD-W, Minimum Diet Diversity for Women of Reproductive Age.
Continuous variables were presented as means and se, whereas categorical variables were reported as frequencies (n) and proportions (%).
Frequencies were calculated based on weighted proportions.
1 USD = 1500 Lebanese pounds.
Anthropometric measurements of mothers were categorised based on WHO classification(56).
A woman was classified as having ‘low diet quality’ if she had HEI scores ≤50, or ‘moderate to high diet quality’ if she had HEI scores >50(52).
A woman was classified as having ‘poor dietary diversity’ if she had consumed <5 food groups, or ‘good dietary diversity’ if she had consumed ≥5 food groups the previous day(54).