Table 3.
Hazard ratio (HR) (95 % CI) of confirmed breast cancer for each quartile of Western and Mediterranean dietary pattern in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra Project
| Variable | Dietary pattern quartiles | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P for trend | |
| Western dietary pattern | |||||
| Cases | 25 | 21 | 28 | 26 | |
| Person-years of follow-up | 25 031 | 25 957 | 26 814 | 28 386 | |
| Incidence rate/10 000 person year | 9·99 | 8·09 | 10·44 | 9·16 | |
| Model 1 | 0·079 | ||||
| HR | 1 | 1·00 | 1·51 | 1·59 | |
| 95 % CI | ref | 0·56, 1·79 | 0·87, 2·63 | 0·90, 2·83 | |
| Model 2 | 0·115 | ||||
| HR | 1 | 0·98 | 1·54 | 1·52 | |
| 95 % CI | ref | 0·54, 1·76 | 0·88, 2·70 | 0·84, 2·74 | |
| Model 3 | 0·132 | ||||
| HR | 1 | 0·98 | 1·54 | 1·53 | |
| 95 % CI | ref | 0·54, 1·76 | 0·87, 2·71 | 0·82, 2·84 | |
| Model 4 | 0·045* | ||||
| HR | 1 | 1·06 | 1·65 | 1·70 | |
| 95 % CI | ref | 0·59, 1·91 | 0·94, 2·88 | 0·93, 3·12 | |
| Mediterranean dietary pattern | |||||
| Cases | 28 | 25 | 21 | 26 | |
| Person-years of follow-up | 26 690 | 26 821 | 36 799 | 25 880 | |
| Incidence rate/10 000 person year | 10·49 | 9·32 | 7·84 | 10·05 | |
| Model 1 | 0·652 | ||||
| HR | 1 | 0·89 | 0·72 | 0·92 | |
| 95 % CI | ref | 0·52, 1·53 | 0·41, 1·28 | 0·54, 1·58 | |
| Model 2 | 0·734 | ||||
| HR | 1 | 0·92 | 0·74 | 0·95 | |
| 95 % CI | ref | 0·53, 1·59 | 0·42, 1·31 | 0·55, 1·64 | |
| Model 3 | 0·261 | ||||
| HR | 1 | 0·78 | 0·57 | 0·63 | |
| 95 % CI | ref | 0·43, 1·43 | 0·28, 1·16 | 0·28, 1·45 | |
| Model 4 | 0·335 | ||||
| HR | 1 | 0·65 | 0·46 | 0·64 | |
| 95 % CI | ref | 0·35, 1·23 | 0·22, 0·94 | 0·30, 1·37 | |
Model 1: age as underlying time variable in all analyses and all analyses stratified by age (in decades) and recruitment period 3 categories: 1999–2003, 2004–2009, 2009-ongoing).
Model 2: adjusted for height (continuous), smoking habit (3 categories), leisure-time physical activity (tertiles), alcohol intake (continuous), BMI (3 categories), age of menarche (4 categories), pregnancies of at least 6 months (continuous), pregnancies before the age of 30 years (yes/no), lifetime breastfeeding (continuous), use of hormone replacement therapy (yes/no), time of use of hormone replacement therapy (continuous), years of university studies (4 categories), family history of breast cancer (3 categories) and age at menopause (3 categories), with age as underlying time variable in all analyses and all analyses stratified by age (in decades) and recruitment period (three categories: 1999–2003, 2004–2009, 2009-ongoing).
Model 3: additionally adjusted for total energy intake (continuous) and diabetes (yes/no).
Model 4: adjusted for propensity scores (tertiles) of adherence to the quartiles of the dietary patterns calculated with the potential confounders included in model 2.