Table 1.
Cohort characteristics for HAALSI participants at follow-up (2018–2019)
| Continuous indicatorsa | Total (n = 4,176) |
Male (n = 1,862) |
Female (n = 2,314) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | Standard deviation | Mean | Standard deviation | Mean | Standard deviation | |
| Age (years) | 66.0 | 13.0 | 66.3 | 12.9 | 65.8 | 13.1 |
| Weight (kg) | 71.9 | 17.5 | 71.0 | 16.6 | 72.8 | 18.1 |
| Height (m) | 1.6 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 0.1 | 1.6 | 0.1 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.0 | 6.5 | 24.7 | 5.3 | 29.0 | 6.8 |
| Average SBP (mm Hg) | 128.4 | 20.4 | 129.5 | 20.9 | 127.5 | 19.9 |
| Average DBP (mm Hg) | 79.4 | 11.7 | 79.5 | 12.1 | 79.4 | 11.4 |
| Categorical indicators | % | Standard error | % | Standard error | % | Standard error |
| Current smokers | 11.8 | 0.5 | 23.4 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 0.3 |
| Elderly (≥60 years) | 64.7 | 0.74 | 66.0 | 1.1 | 63.5 | 1.0 |
| Migrant (born outside of South Africa) | 30.1 | 0.7 | 29.0 | 1.1 | 31.1 | 1.0 |
| High SESb | 39.9 | 0.8 | 39.3 | 1.2 | 40.5 | 1.0 |
| Literatec | 58.5 | 0.8 | 67.6 | 1.1 | 50.7 | 1.1 |
| Physical limitationsd | 11.1 | 0.5 | 11.3 | 0.8 | 11.0 | 0.7 |
| Visits to primary health clinic in last 3 months | ||||||
| 0 | 5.3 | 0.5 | 6.1 | 0.8 | 4.8 | 0.6 |
| 1 | 58.3 | 1.0 | 57.2 | 1.7 | 59.1 | 1.3 |
| 2 | 17.3 | 0.8 | 17.4 | 1.3 | 17.1 | 1.0 |
| 3 | 19.1 | 0.8 | 19.4 | 1.4 | 19.0 | 1.0 |
| HIV+e | 23.9 | 0.8 | 23.4 | 1.2 | 24.4 | 1.0 |
| HIV+ with viral suppression (≥100 copies/ml) | 71.6 | 1.7 | 69.5 | 2.7 | 3 | 2.2 |
| HIV+ without viral suppression (<100 copies/ml) | 28.4 | 1.7 | 30.6 | 2.7 | 26.7 | 2.2 |
| Mean | Inter-quartile Range | Mean | Inter-quartile Range | Mean | Inter-quartile Range | |
| Glucose (mmol/l)f | 6.9 | 2.1 | 6.8 | 2.1 | 7.1 | 2.1 |
Abbreviations: DBS, dried blood spot; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; IPW, inverse probability weight; SES, socioeconomic status; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
aDescriptive statistics have been weighted using IPWs to account for attrition, refusal to provide anthropometric measures, and/or refusal to provide a DBS sample.
bComposite variable of the highest (4th and 5th) quintiles of wealth.
cSelf-reported ability to read or write.
dSelf-reported presence of limitations in activities of daily living (excluding difficulty in dressing as activities of daily living).
eHIV positive as determined by lab assays using DBSs.
fRandom (non-fasting) glucose.