Table 1.
Operationalisation of variables from the conceptual model
| Conceptual model variable | Operationalised measure used in study | Data source | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Market outcomes | Annual EBT sales ($) | State of Hawai‘i department of human services | |
| Foundational | Management strength | Daily operations of the market and EBT program are handled by paid employees (of the market or a partner agency) | Key informant interviews |
| Community partnerships | Market reports collaboration with community agencies for EBT program operations, nutrition-related programming, market promotion or community outreach | Key informant interviews | |
| Operational | Location | Number of SNAP participating households within access area (market reach) | GIS spatial analysis |
| Number of SNAP-accepting groceries, supermarkets or other farmers markets within access area (competition) | GIS spatial analysis | ||
| Hours and days of operation per week (accessibility) | Key informant interviews, market websites, social media postings | ||
| Products | Number of vendors at the market (an indirect measure of the variety of products at the market) | Key informant interviews, market website vendor listings | |
| Price | Double-bucks incentives offered at market | Key informant interviews | |
| Marketing | Formal paid radio, television or newspaper marketing campaigns conducted | Key informant interviews | |
| Informal advertising conducted via environmental signage (banners, posters) or flyer distribution | Key informant interviews, market websites | ||
| Advertising conducted via social media (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter) | Key informant interviews, market websites, social media search | ||
| Supplemental | Community education | Consumer nutrition education activities and outreach conducted during market hours | Key informant interviews, market websites, social media postings |
EBT, Electronic Benefit Transfer.