Table 3.

OR for the associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration and serum metabolic disorder risk factors: children and adolescents aged 6–18 years (n 6311), National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001–2006

	Serum 25(OH)D
	Adequate (>50 nmol/l)		Inadequate (30–50 nmol/l)		Deficient (<30 nmol/l)
Risk factor	OR	95 % CI	OR	95 % CI	OR	95 % CI	P trend
TC ≥ 200 mg/dl
Sample size	4025		1803		441
Unadjusted	1·00	Reference	1·38	1·14, 1·66	1·04	0·73, 1·48	0·471
Adjusted	1·00	Reference	1·37	1·10, 1·71	0·99	0·66, 1·48	0·919
HDL-C ≤ 35 mg/dl
Sample size	4025		1803		441
Unadjusted	1·00	Reference	1·20	0·94, 1·54	1·09	0·70, 1·70	0·032
Adjusted	1·00	Reference	1·64	1·22, 2·19	1·71	1·01, 2·90	<0·001
LDL-C ≥ 130 mg/dl
Sample size	1605		741		189
Unadjusted	1·00	Reference	1·64	1·16, 2·31	1·49	0·83, 2·68	0·280
Adjusted	1·00	Reference	1·80	1·19, 2·73	1·64	0·82, 3·28	0·523
Fasting TAG ≥ 150 mg/dl
Sample size	1633		772		199
Unadjusted	1·00	Reference	0·82	0·60, 1·13	0·54	0·28, 1·03	0·159
Adjusted	1·00	Reference	1·20	0·82, 1·74	1·10	0·51, 2·35	0·112
Fasting glucose ≥ 100 mg/dl
Sample size	1171		650		190
Unadjusted	1·00	Reference	1·05	0·79, 1·40	0·91	0·56, 1·46	0·403
Adjusted	1·00	Reference	1·40	1·00, 1.97	1·88	1·07, 3·28	0·19
HOMA-IR score ≥ 4.39
Sample size	1159		645		188
Unadjusted	1·00	Reference	2·28	1·77, 2·94	3·04	2·12, 4·35	<0·001
Adjusted	1·00	Reference	2·55	1·89, 3·44	4·15	2·66, 6·47	<0·001

TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, HDL-cholesterol; LDL-C, LDL-cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LOD, limit of detection.

Adjusted for age (continuous), gender (male, female), race and ethnicity (Mexican American, other Hispanic, non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Other), poverty:income ratio (<1, ≥1), alcohol use (yes or no), and cotinine level (<0.01 ng/ml (LOD), 0.01–10 ng/ml, >10 ng/ml).