Table 3.
Pulmonary function testing and chest CT results in pulmonary patients.
| Hospa intubated COVID-19 n=58 | Hospa /not intubated COVID-19 n=153 | p Hospa | Non-hospa COVID-19 n=275 | Non-hospa SARS-CoV-2 neg/no test n=105 | p Non-hospa | Overall n=591 | p hospa vs. non-hospa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PFTb findings | n abnormal/n tested (%) or median (IQRh) | |||||||
| Onset to PFTb (months) | 6.5 (4.3 – 9.0) | 5.8 (3.3 – 10.4) | 0.70 | 6.6 (3.8 – 10.3) | 12.7 (6.2 – 16.7) | <0.0001 | 7.3 (4.1 – 11.4) | 0.006 |
| FEV1c | 27/39 (69.2) | 41/114 (36.0) | 0.0006 | 43/211 (20.4) | 17/78 (21.8) | 0.92 | 128/442 (30.0) | <0.0001 |
| FVCd | 27/39 (69.2) | 44/114 (38.6) | 0.002 | 37/211 (17.5) | 14/78 (17.9) | 1 | 122/442 (27.6) | <0.0001 |
| Ratio | 2/39 (5.1) | 12/114 (10.5) | 0.49 | 17/211 (8.1) | 10/78 (12.8) | 0.31 | 41/442 (9.3) | 1 |
| TLCe | 29/38 (76.3) | 42/110 (38.1) | <0.001 | 26/208 (12.5) | 9/74 (12.2) | 1 | 106/430 (24.7) | <0.0001 |
| DLCOf | 35/39 (90.0) | 74/112 (66.1) | 0.008 | 64/209 (30.6) | 22/74 (29.7) | 1 | 195/434 (44.9) | <0.0001 |
| CTg findings | n abnormal/n tested (%) or median ( IQRh) | |||||||
| Onset to CT (months) | 4.5 (2.0 – 7.4) | 3.9 (2.1 – 6.9) | 0.61 | 4.6 (2.8 – 9.4) | 8.1 (4.2 – 14.8) | 0.001 | 4.6 (2.5 – 8.1) | 0.0002 |
| Fibrosis | 31/41 (75.6) | 45/108 (41.7) | 0.0004 | 14/109 (12.8) | 4/41 (9.8) | 0.81 | 94/299 (31.4) | <0.0001 |
| Consolidation | 9/41 (22.0) | 8/108 (7.4) | 0.03 | 3/109 (2.8) | 2/41 (4.9) | 0.89 | 22/299 (7.4) | 0.01 |
| Ground glass opacities | 32/41 (78.0) | 70/108 (65.0) | 0.18 | 22/109 (20.2) | 10/41 (24.4) | 0.74 | 134/299 (44.8) | <0.0001 |
| Organizing pneumonia | 9/41 (22.0) | 11/108 (10.2) | 0.11 | 5/109 (4.6) | 3/41 (7.3) | 0.80 | 28/299 (9.4) | 0.03 |
| Air trapping | 6/41 (14.6) | 14/108 (13.0) | 1 | 21/109 (19.3) | 6/41 (14.6) | 0.68 | 47/299 (15.7) | 0.35 |
| None of the above | 1/41 (2.4) | 10/108 (9.3) | 0.28 | 26/109 (23.9) | 13/41 (31.7) | 0.44 | 50/299 (16.7) | 0.0001 |
Statistical testing: Hypothesis testing for dichotomous variables was performed with chi squared test (n≥50) or Fisher's exact test (n<50). Hypothesis testing for continuous variables was performed with Mann-Whitney U test.
Abbreviations:aHosp: previous hospitalization for COVID-19. bPFT: Pulmonary function test. cFEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second. dFVC: forced vital capacity. eTLC: total lung capacity. fDLCO: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide. gCT: computed tomography. hIQR: Inter-quartile range