Table 2.
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in US adults with different urinary iodine concentration.
| Variable | Prevalence (%) of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Normal UIC (100-299ug/L) |
Low UIC (<100ug/L) | High UIC (300-399ug/L) |
Very high UIC (≥400ug/L) |
P-value | |
| All participants | ||||||
| MetS | 3200 (27.7) | 1627 (27.0) | 962 (22.2) | 262 (32.6) | 349 (29.4) | < 0.001 |
| MetS.Diabetes | 3550 (30.7) | 1831 (29.7) | 1129 (25.3) | 285 (32.8) | 305 (24.7) | < 0.001 |
| MetS.low-HDL-C | 3571 (30.9) | 1741 (30.3) | 1151 (26.6) | 293 (35.5) | 386 (34.0) | < 0.001 |
| MetS.TG | 4248 (36.8) | 2103 (37.1) | 1298 (31.6) | 350 (43.5) | 497 (44.0) | < 0.001 |
| MetS.obesity | 6668 (57.8) | 3284 (58.2) | 2192 (53.6) | 506 (61.1) | 686 (59.5) | < 0.001 |
| MetS.hypertension | 2023 (17.5) | 964 (15.9) | 707 (16.1) | 149 (16.2) | 203 (15.6) | 0.99 |
| Female | ||||||
| MetS | 1724 (30.0) | 857 (28.8) | 566 (22.3) | 118 (28.9) | 183 (31.1) | < 0.001 |
| MetS.Diabetes | 1555 (27.1) | 795 (26.7) | 533 (20.8) | 104 (27.4) | 123 (19.8) | 0.006 |
| MetS.low-HDL-C | 2102 (36.6) | 982 (34.7) | 751 (30.2) | 147 (35.6) | 222 (41.5) | 0.001 |
| MetS.TG | 1856 (32.3) | 908 (31.5) | 598 (25.9) | 141 (38.1) | 209 (38.9) | < 0.001 |
| MetS.obesity | 3994 (69.6) | 1896 (68.8) | 1438 (61.2) | 275 (71.6) | 385 (71.7) | < 0.001 |
| MetS.hypertension | 939 (16.4) | 447 (16.1) | 351 (14.5) | 65 (16.1) | 76 (12.3) | 0.322 |
| Male | ||||||
| MetS | 1476 (25.4) | 770 (25.4) | 396 (21.9) | 144 (35.6) | 166 (28.0) | < 0.001 |
| MetS.Diabetes | 1995 (34.4) | 1036 (32.5) | 596 (30.8) | 181 (37.2) | 182 (28.7) | 0.125 |
| MetS.low-HDL-C | 1469 (25.3) | 759 (26.1) | 400 (22.3) | 146 (35.4) | 164 (27.7) | < 0.001 |
| MetS.TG | 2392 (41.2) | 1195 (42.3) | 700 (38.7) | 209 (48.0) | 288 (48.2) | 0.004 |
| MetS.obesity | 2676 (46.1) | 1388 (48.0) | 754 (44.0) | 231 (52.4) | 301 (49.5) | 0.05 |
| MetS.hypertension | 1084 (18.7) | 517 (15.9) | 356 (18.0) | 84 (16.3) | 127 (18.3) | 0.484 |
UIC, urinary iodine concentration. MetS, metabolic syndrome,
MetS.Diabetes, History of diabetes, Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) > 6.5%, fasting glucose (mmol/L) ≥ 7.0, or medication used to treat diabetes;
MetS.obesity, Waist Circumference (WC) ≥ 102 cm in men or ≥ 88 cm in women;
MetS.hypertension, blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg or hypertension history or treatment with antihypertensive medication;
MetS.low-HDL-C, HDL-C < 40 mg/dL for men and < 50 mg/dL for women or use of anti-lipid abnormalities;
MetS.TG, TG ≥ 150 mg/dL, or pharmacological treatment of TG. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome components according to the urinary iodine concentration was compared using Rao Scott’s χ2 test.