Table 7.
Effect of biochar on growth, and physiological attributes under salinity stress.
| Crop | Salinity stress | BC application | Effects | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rice | 25 mM NaCl | 3% | BC application increased plant growth, shoot biomass, tiller/plant, chlorophyll (a and b), transpiration rate, WUE, and concentration of K+. | Hafeez et al. (2019) |
| Wheat | 100 mM NaCl | 150 g | BC improved the plant height, shoot fresh biomass, root fresh biomass, and partially increased enzymatic activity and photosynthetic pigments. | Ndiate et al. (2022) |
| Spinach | 150 mM NaCl | 1% | The morphological parameters membrane stability index and RWC (%), nutrient (N, P, K) uptake was improved after BC application. | Sofy et al. (2021) |
| Cowpea | 10 dS m−1 | 25 g | BC improved seedling emergence, ionic homeostasis, and redox balance, sugar metabolism, and chlorophyll synthesis. | Farooq et al. (2020) |
| Tomato | 100 mM NaCl | 10% v/v | Application of biochar augmented the plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, RWC and chlorophyll contents. | Kul et al. (2021) |
| Wheat | 150 mM NaCl | 2% | Biochar application improved germination, seedling vigor index (SVI), and leaf water potential under SS. | Kanwal et al. (2018) |
| Wheat | 100 mM NaCl | 1% | Biochar application significantly enhanced physiological parameters along with shoot dry weight, chlorophyll a and b concentrations by decreasing MDA contents. | Khan et al. (2022) |