Extended Data Table 2.

Diagnosis and treatment summary

4026: Estimate infected for 10 years. Started monotherapy in 1994. Triple drug therapy in 1996. Documented suppression on 6/98, 7/98, and 11/98 but viremic on 10/6/98 (blood VL 11,241) and 12/23/98, with TI on 1/16/99.

6004: Treatment started more than 3 years before TI. Documented suppression 1/31/97–12/23/98. Viremic 1/29/99 on therapy; TI 8/2/99.

6005: No information.

6006: Prior treatment greater than 12 months.

6008: Estimate infected 10 years before TI. Treatment started in 1996. TI on 9/6/00.

6011: Suppressed (with one blip) from 3/20/00 until TI on 1/9/01.

6012: Suppressed from 12/7/99 until TI on 3/19/01

6013: On treatment from 3/20/97 to TI on 4/17/01 with viral load reduced but not suppressed.

5207: Diagnosed 9/18/2000 with CD4+ T cell count of 110/ul. Started treatment on 10/14/2000 and was treated until 9/24/2001 when TI occurred.

5299: Diagnosed 4/25/2003, estimated 12 weeks post infection. Treated 9/4/2004 until 12/8/2006 when found to be viremic, then started on a new regimen on 1/17/2007.

51126: Diagnosed 2/1/2011 with CD4+ T cell count of 70/ul and HIV-associated dementia. Started treatment on 3/7/2011 but developed INSTI resistance (N155H, V2011, T206S) leading to an early change in the drug regimen, with treatment interruption on 2/4/2017.

Available information about the HIV-1 diagnosis and antiretroviral (ARV) treatment history of all 11 study participants.