Table 1.
Current licensed vaccines for protozoal diseases of animals.
| Vaccine | Target host | Target protozoan | Type | Disease | M | R |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leishmune | Dog | Leishmania chagasi and Leishmania infantum | Protein and carbohydrate chains | Leishmaniasis | L | 4 |
| CaniLeisha | Dog | Leishmania infantum | Excreted secreted proteins | Leishmaniasis | L | 5 |
| Leish-tec | Dog | Leishmania infantum | Saponin and recombinant protein A2 | Leishmaniasis | L | 6 |
| Letifend | Dog | Leishmania infantum | Recombinant protein Q | Leishmaniasis | L | 7 |
| Coxabic | Chicken | Eimeria spp. | Transmission-blocking vaccine composed of affinity-purified antigens | Coccidiosis | L | 8 |
| Toxovaxb | Sheep | Toxoplasma gondii | Live-attenuated vaccine (tachyzoites) | Toxoplasmosis | L | 9 |
| Giardiavax | Cat/Dog | Giardia lamblia | Inactivated trophozoites | Giardiasis | L | 10 |
Leishmania chagasi and Leishmania infantum are from the phylum Euglenozoa, Toxoplasma gondii from the phylum Apicomplexa, and Giardia lamblia from the phylum Metamonada.
Key to columns: M. method used to discover vaccine (L = laboratory i.e. not an in silico discovery method), R. published reference.
aCaniLeish contains an ‘adjuvant’ (a highly purified fraction of Quillaja saponaria) to enhance the immune response.
bAvailable in Europe and New Zealand from MSD Animal Health: https://www.msd-animal-health.co.nz/products/toxovax/; and administered to avoid abortion in sheep. Toxovax has been reported to decrease the abortion rate but does not eradicate the parasite. It is not considered an appropriate vaccine for humans because of its live attenuated formulation has the potential to revert to a pathogenic form.