Table 2.
Moderation of Greenness and Walkability on Activity and Geriatric-Relevant Health Outcomes among Older Canadians
| OR & 95% CI per Weekly Hour of TPA |
Greenness (NDVI) | Walkability (Can-ALE) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | Type of Regression | Moderates Base OR | Moderation Coefficient | p-value | Moderates Base OR | Moderation Coefficient | p-value | ||
| Total Sample (n = 16,735) | Physical Impairment |
0.95 (0.94, 0.96) |
POLR | Yes | 0.022 | 0.04 | No | N/A | > 0.19 |
| Severity of Daily Pain |
0.98 (0.98, 0.99) |
POLR | Yes | 0.019 | < 0.01 | No | N/A | > 0.34 | |
| Number of Medications |
0.98 (0.97, 0.99) |
POLR | No | N/A | > 0.42 | No | N/A | > 0.56 | |
| Depressive Symptoms |
0.95 (0.94, 0.96) |
LR | Yes | 0.032 | 0.01 | No | N/A | > 0.19 | |
| Females (n = 8,372) | Physical Impairment |
0.96 (0.94, 0.97) |
POLR | No | N/A | > 0.12 | No | N/A | > 0.23 |
| Severity of Daily Pain |
0.98 (0.97, 0.99) |
POLR | No | N/A | > 0.22 | No | N/A | > 0.26 | |
| Number of Medications |
0.97 (0.95, 0.98) |
POLR | No | N/A | > 0.19 | No | N/A | > 0.33 | |
| Depressive Symptoms |
0.93 (0.91, 0.95) |
LR | Yes | 0.050 | 0.02 | No | N/A | > 0.47 | |
| Males (n = 8,363) | Physical Impairment |
0.95 (0.93, 0.96) |
POLR | No | N/A | > 0.12 | No | N/A | > 0.21 |
| Severity of Daily Pain |
0.99 (0.98, 1.00)a |
POLR | Yes | 0.021 | 0.03 | No | N/A | > 0.77 | |
| Number of Medications |
0.99 (0.98, 1.00)a |
POLR | No | N/A | > 0.14 | No | N/A | > 0.31 | |
| Depressive Symptoms |
0.97 (0.96, 0.98) |
LR | Yes | 0.029 | 0.05 | No | N/A | > 0.39 | |
Note. Abbreviations: POLR, proportional odds logistic regression; LR, linear regression; TPA: total physical activity; NDVI: Normalized Difference Vegetative Index; Can-ALE: Canadian Active Living Environments
a OR p-value is > 0.001