Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics of Key Study Variables and Demographic Characteristics of a Sample of U.S. Hispanic/Latino Adults (N = 798) from 2018.
| Variable | N | Missing | Mean (SD)a | Skewness (SE)b | Kurtosis (SE) | Min., Max. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 797 | 1 | 39.64 (15.05) | 0.307 (0.087) | −0.955 (0.173) | 18, 81 |
| Body Mass Index | 774 | 24 | 28.30 (7.27) | 1.064 (0.088) | 1.715 (0.176) | 13.70, 64.19 |
| Depressive Symptoms | 797 | 1 | 17.04 (6.98) | 0.810 (0.087) | −0.198 (0.173) | 9, 36 |
| English Proficiency | 793 | 5 | 3.63 (0.59) | −1.87 (0.87) | 3.63 (0.173) | 1, 4 |
| Variable | N (Valid %c) | |||||
| Gender | ||||||
| Woman | 467 (58.5) | |||||
| Man | 320 (40.2) | |||||
| Other | 10 (1.3) | |||||
| Ethnic Origin | ||||||
| Mexican or Mexican American | 415 (52.0) | |||||
| Puerto Rican | 136 (17.1) | |||||
| Cuban | 68 (8.5) | |||||
| Spanish | 44 (5.5) | |||||
| Dominican | 27 (3.4) | |||||
| Another Hispanic or Latino origin (e.g., Columbian, Venezuelan, Peruvian) | 108 (13.5) | |||||
| English is first language | ||||||
| Yes | 522 (65.4) | |||||
| No | 276 (34.6) | |||||
| Current U.S. region of residence | ||||||
| South | 316 (39.6) | |||||
| West | 182 (22.8) | |||||
| Northeast | 155 (19.4) | |||||
| Midwest | 145 (18.2) | |||||
| Highest level of education completed | ||||||
| ≤ High school or GED | 239 (30.4) | |||||
| Trade/technical school or 2-year college | 222 (28.2) | |||||
| ≥ 4-year college/university | 325 (41.4) | |||||
| Employment status | ||||||
| Work full-time | 395 (49.7) | |||||
| Work part-time | 114 (14.3) | |||||
| Unemployed but looking for a job | 97 (12.2) | |||||
| Do not work (e.g., stay-at home parent, retired, on disability, etc.) | 189 (23.8) | |||||
| Annual household income | ||||||
| < $10,000 – $29,999 | 231 (29.0) | |||||
| $30,000 – $69,999 | 300 (37.6) | |||||
| $70,000 – $100,000+ | 266 (33.3) | |||||
| Health insurance coverage | ||||||
| Private insurance (e.g., HMO, PPO) | 392 (49.1) | |||||
| Public insurance (e.g., Medicare, Medicaid) | 304 (38.1) | |||||
| Uninsured | 102 (12.8) | |||||
| Self-reported health | ||||||
| Excellent | 103 (12.9) | |||||
| Good | 393 (49.2) | |||||
| Fair | 261 (32.7) | |||||
| Poor | 41 (5.2) | |||||
| Annual doctor visits | ||||||
| 0-1 time | 222 (27.8) | |||||
| 2-3 times | 351 (44.0) | |||||
| 4 + times | 225 (28.2) | |||||
| Presence of a chronic health condition | ||||||
| At least one current chronic health condition | 362 (45.4) | |||||
| No current chronic health condition | 436 (54.6) | |||||
| Current chronic health conditions reportedd | ||||||
| Hypertension | 181 (22.7) | |||||
| High cholesterol | 175 (21.9) | |||||
| Type 2 diabetes | 122 (15.3) | |||||
| Heart disease | 27 (3.4) | |||||
| Cancer | 15 (1.9) | |||||
| Other (e.g., arthritis, fibromyalgia, depression) | 54 (6.8) | |||||
| HCP ever recommend a change in eating habits (e.g., eat more fruits and vegetables) to prevent/manage chronic health conditione | ||||||
| Yes | 487 (61.0) | |||||
| No | 273 (34.2) | |||||
| Following HCP recommendation (e.g., eat more fruits and vegetables) | ||||||
| Regularly | 242 (49.7) | |||||
| Sometimes | 216 (44.4) | |||||
| Not at all/Rarely | 29 (5.9) | |||||
Notes. a SD = standard deviation; b SE = standard error; c Valid % = Percent of participants with missing data excluded; d Participants could report having more than one chronic health condition, therefore, the percentages here represent the proportion of the sample that indicated having each chronic health condition listed; e = ‘I do not recall’ responses were removed (n = 38); HCP = healthcare provider. Missing data for non-key study variables ranged from 0 to 1.5%.