Table 1.
Age, inflammation and vitamin D status of preschool children and nonpregnant females of reproductive age, BRINDA project1
| CRP |
AGP |
Vitamin D |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survey, year | N | Age2 Mean (95% CI) | CRP Median (IQR), mg/L | CRP % (95% CI) > 5 mg/L | AGP Median (IQR), g/L | AGP % (95% CI) > 1 g/L | 25(OH)D Median (IQR), nmol/L | 25(OH)D % (95% CI) < 30 nmol/L | 25(OH)D % (95% CI) < 50 nmol/L |
| PSC | |||||||||
| Afghanistan, 2013 | 662 | 29.1 (27.7, 30.4) | 0.15 (0.0, 1.1) | 10.1 (6.9, 13.3) | 0.8 (0.6, 1.0) | 23.7 (19.5, 28.0) | 34.0 (23.3, 45.4) | 41.4 (35.0, 47.7) | 82.2 (76.9, 87.5) |
| Cambodia, 2014 | 646 | 36.4 (35.3, 37.5) | 0.4 (0.2, 1.3) | 10.1 (7.3, 12.9) | 0.7 (0.5, 1.4) | 36.0 (29.4, 42.6) | 89.1 (61.5, 116.7) | 4.0 (1.4, 6.7) | 14.4 (8.1, 20.7) |
| Pakistan, 2011 | 6943 | 27.4 (26.9, 27.8) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.1) | 35.3 (33.8, 36.8) | 58.7 (36.6, 85.4) | 18.0 (16.5, 19.5) | 40.1 (38.0, 42.2) | ||
| USA, 2006 | 1314 | 36.7 (35.6, 37.8) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.6) | 6.0 (4.5, 7.5) | — | — | 69.0 (58.1, 80.7) | 0.8 (0.4, 1.2) | 11.9 (9.4, 14.3) |
| Vietnam, 2010 | 315 | 37.4 (36.0, 38.8) | 0.5 (0.2, 1.3) | 12.4 (9.0, 15.7) | — | — | 46.7 (32.7, 61.3) | 21.0 (16.0, 25.9) | 56.5 (51.0, 62.0) |
| FRA | |||||||||
| Afghanistan, 2013 | 1044 | 20.9 (30.3, 31.5) | 1.0 (0.2, 2.7) | 12.9 (10.5, 15.3) | 0.7 (0.6, 0.9) | 11.6 (8.8, 14.5) | 16.4 (11.6, 24.0) | 84.5 (81.6, 87.4) | 92.9 (90.7, 95.1) |
| Cambodia, 2014 | 699 | 30.2 (29.5, 30.9) | 0.7 (0.3, 1.8) | 9.5 (7.2, 11.9) | 0.7 (0.5, 1.3) | 33.6 (25.0, 42.3) | 63.5 (46.1, 85.7) | 5.9 (2.8, 8.9) | 30.5 (23.8, 37.3) |
| Pakistan, 2011 | 8387 | 30.9 (30.8, 31.1) | 0.9 (0.3, 2.3) | 11.8 (10.8, 12.8) | 0.8 (0.7, 1.0) | 23.6 (22.3, 24.8) | 37.3 (21.2, 59.1) | 38.8 (36.8, 40.8) | 66.7 (64.8, 68.6) |
| UK, 2014 | 894 | 34.4 (33.5, 35.3) | 1.9 (1.3, 3.2) | 15.5 (12.2, 18.8) | — | — | 43.0 (26.4, 62.1) | 30.2 (25.7, 34.8) | 59.6 (54.3, 64.9) |
| USA, 2006 | 3197 | 33.5 (33.0, 34.0) | 1.9 (0.5, 5.1) | 25.6 (23.5, 27.8) | — | — | 55.8 (40.0, 72.8) | 13.9 (10.9, 16.8) | 41.0 (36.3, 45.7) |
| Vietnam, 2010 | 528 | 32.8 (31.9, 33.7) | 0.7 (0.3, 1.5) | 7.0 (4.9, 9.1) | — | — | 46.9 (34.5, 57.4) | 17.6 (13.9, 21.3) | 57.8 (52.8, 62.7) |
1
AGP, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein; BRINDA, Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia; and — not measured.
2
Age values are shown in months for preschool children and years for females of reproductive age.