Table 4. Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis of potential risk factors and their association with prevalence of enteric bacteria among patients with diarrhea.
| Variables | Categories | Enteric infection | COR (95%CI) | p-value | AOR (95%CI) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Negative | Positive | ||||||
| Severity of symptoms | 0–1 | 97 (65.5) | 51 (34.5) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| 2–3 | 53 (45.3) | 64 (54.7) | 2.30 (1.40–3.78) | 0.001 * | 2.27 (1.23–4.15) | 0.008 ** | |
| ≥ 4 | 21 (60.0) | 14 (40.0) | 1.27 (0.60–2.70) | 0.539 | 1.52 (0.62–3.72) | 0.362 | |
| Education levela | Secondary/ higher | 37 (64.9) | 20 (35.1) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| Basic complete | 41 (43.6) | 53 (56.4) | 2.39 (1.21–4.72) | 0.012 * | 2.26 (1.08–4.72) | 0.030 ** | |
| Basic incomplete | 56 (68.3) | 26 (31.7) | 0.85 (0.42–1.76) | 0.677 | 0.74 (0.33–1.69) | 0.487 | |
| Illiterate | 7 (58.3) | 5 (41.7) | 1.32 (0.37–4.71) | 0.067 | 1.01 (0.24–4.29) | 0.989 | |
| Cohabitation with pets (dogs and/or cats) | No | 103 (63.6) | 59 (36.4) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| Yes | 68 (49.3) | 70 (50.7) | 1.80 (1.13–2.86) | 0.013 * | 1.56 (0.88–2.76) | 0.124 | |
| Age | ≥60 | 24 (70.6) | 10 (29.4) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| 45–59 | 34 (63.0) | 20 (37.0) | 1.41 (0.56–3.55) | 0.464 | 1.08 (0.39–2.97) | 0.878 | |
| 30–44 | 48 (47.5) | 53 (52.5) | 2.65 (1.15–6.10) | 0.022 | 2.05 (0.79–5.29) | 0.139 | |
| 15–29 | 35 (62.5) | 21 (37.5) | 1.44 (0.58–3.59) | 0.435 | 0.86 (0.28–2.60) | 0.781 | |
| 0–14 | 30 (54.5) | 25 (45.5) | 1.99 (0.81–4.96) | 0.135 | 1.72 (0.90–3.30) | 0.101 | |
| Cohabitation with chickens and/or ducks | No | 130 (60.5) | 85 (39.5) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| Yes | 41 (48.2) | 44 (51.8) | 1.64 (0.99–2.72) | 0.055 | 1.72 (0.90–3.30) | 0.100 | |
| Source of drinking water | Tap | 141 (55.5) | 113 (44.5) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| Pub. standpipe/well | 15 (60.0) | 10 (40.0) | 0.83 (0.36–1.92) | 0.667 | 1.30 (0.47–3.62) | 0.616 | |
| Mineral and/or tap | 15 (71.4) | 6 (28.6) | 0.50 (0.19–1.33) | 0.164 | 1.05 (0.31–3.54) | 0.940 | |
| Sex | Female | 105 (54.1) | 89 (45.9) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| Male | 66 (62.3) | 40 (37.7) | 0.71 (0.44–1.16) | 0.174 | 0.70 (0.37–1.33) | 0.276 | |
| BMI | Normal | 112 (54.9) | 92 (45.1) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| Underweight | 18 (66.7) | 9 (33.3) | 0.61 (0.26–1.42) | 0.250 | 0.71 (0.26–1.89) | 0.489 | |
| Overweight | 41 (59.4) | 28 (40.6) | 0.83 (0.48–1.45) | 0.514 | 0.80 (0.41–1.53) | 0.494 | |
ª Only participants aged above 15 years were included in the analysis for this parameter.
* p<0.05 in bivariate analysis
** p<0.05 in multivariate analysis